Abstract: Piezoelectric photocatalysis technology utilizes the internal electric field generated by the piezoelectric effect to drive the efficient separation and migration of photogenerated charge carriers, which effectively overcomes the inherent bottleneck of high photogenerated carrier recombination in traditional photocatalysis. This technology provides a highly promising solution for alleviating global energy shortages and environmental pollution problems. Owing to its outstanding piezoelectric response, excellent chemical stability, and environmental friendliness, BaTiO3 is recognized as one of the most promising materials in this field and has attracted sustained and extensive research attention. In recent years, remarkable progress has been achieved in the modification strategies and application expansion of BaTiO3‑based piezoelectric photocatalysts. Based on the fundamental principles of piezoelectric photocatalysis, this review comprehensively summarizes the core modification strategies of BaTiO3-based piezoelectric photocatalysts (defect engineering, heterostructure construction, and metal loading), and further elucidates the regulatory mechanisms behind strategies. Furthermore, we systematically investigate the modulation laws of morphology control and mechanical energy input methods on the piezoelectric properties of BaTiO3. Finally, the challenges and development prospects in the field of piezoelectric photocatalysis are analyzed, aiming to provide references for theoretical research and practical application.