Numerical simulation for the lower shaft and the hearth bottom of blast furnace

One of the methods forming the shell is to appropriately design the cooling staves and hearth without overheating during the campaign life of the furnace. The three-dimensional steady mathematical models for calculating the temperature distribution in the coolers and two-dimensional unsteady mathematical models with phase-change latent heat for calculating the temperature dis-tribution of the hearth bottom were established. The calculation results show that the formation of the slag-metal protection shell can be achieved by optimizing the design parameters of the coolers. Increasing the heat conductivity of the carbon brick can move the isothermal line of 1150℃ upward outside the hearth bottom.