Effect of TiO<sub>2</sub> on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

Cheng-bin Shi; Ding-li Zheng; Seung-ho Shin; Jing Li; Jung-wook Cho

doi:10.1007/s12613-017-1374-9

Volume 24 Issue 1

Jan. 2017

Turn off MathJax

数据统计

计量

文章访问数: 575
HTML全文浏览量: 96
PDF下载量: 20
被引次数: 0

文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2017 > 24(1): 18-24

Cheng-bin Shi, Ding-li Zheng, Seung-ho Shin, Jing Li, and Jung-wook Cho, Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 1, pp. 18-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1374-9

Cite this article as:

Cheng-bin Shi, Ding-li Zheng, Seung-ho Shin, Jing Li, and Jung-wook Cho, Effect of TiO2 on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 1, pp. 18-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1374-9

Citation:

PDF( 609 KB)

引用本文 PDF XML SpringerLink

研究论文

Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea

通讯作者:
Cheng-bin Shi E-mail: chengbin.shi@ustb.edu.cn

中文摘要

The viscosity of CaF₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO-(TiO₂) slag was measured using a rotating crucible viscometer. Raman spectroscopy analysis was performed to correlate the viscosity to slag structure. The viscosity of the slag was found to decrease with increasing TiO₂ content in the slag from 0 to 9.73wt%. The activation energy decreased from 95.16 kJ/mol to 79.40 kJ/mol with increasing TiO₂ content in the slag. The introduction of TiO₂ into the slag played a destructive role in Al-O-Al structural units and Q⁴ units by forming simpler structural units of Q² and Ti₂O₆^4- chain. The amount of Al-O-Al significantly decreased with increasing TiO₂ content. The relative fraction of Q⁴ units in the[AlO₄]^5--tetrahedral units shows a decreasing trend, whereas the relative fraction of Q² units and Ti₂O₆^4- chain increases with increasing TiO₂ content accordingly. Consequently, the polymerization degree of the slag decreases with increasing TiO₂ content. The variation in slag structure is consistent with the change in measured viscosity.

关键词:

Research Article

Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

+ Author Affiliations

Abstract

Abstract

The viscosity of CaF₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO-(TiO₂) slag was measured using a rotating crucible viscometer. Raman spectroscopy analysis was performed to correlate the viscosity to slag structure. The viscosity of the slag was found to decrease with increasing TiO₂ content in the slag from 0 to 9.73wt%. The activation energy decreased from 95.16 kJ/mol to 79.40 kJ/mol with increasing TiO₂ content in the slag. The introduction of TiO₂ into the slag played a destructive role in Al-O-Al structural units and Q⁴ units by forming simpler structural units of Q² and Ti₂O₆^4- chain. The amount of Al-O-Al significantly decreased with increasing TiO₂ content. The relative fraction of Q⁴ units in the[AlO₄]^5--tetrahedral units shows a decreasing trend, whereas the relative fraction of Q² units and Ti₂O₆^4- chain increases with increasing TiO₂ content accordingly. Consequently, the polymerization degree of the slag decreases with increasing TiO₂ content. The variation in slag structure is consistent with the change in measured viscosity.
- electroslag remelting;
- slag;
- titanium dioxide;
- viscosity;
- structure

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(36)

References

[1]	K. Schwerdtfeger,W. Wepner,and G. Pateisky,Modelling of chemical reactions occurring during electroslag remelting:oxidation of titanium in stainless steel,Ironmaking Steelmaking,5(1978),No. 3,p. 135.
[2]	Z. X. Xue,Y. X. Zheng,F. Jiang,Y. Q. Du,B. S. Guo,P. Lin,and C. B. Shi,Control of the surface quality and as-cast ingot and Ti loss during drawing-ingot-type electroslag rapid remelting of alloy 825,Spec. Steel,37(2016),No. 4,p. 37.
[3]	X. C. Lu,Effect of titanium on surface formability of ESR super alloy ingot,Foundry,51(2002),No. 6,p. 378.
[4]	C. B. Shi,J. Li,J. W. Cho,F. Jiang,and I. H. Jung,Effect of SiO₂ on the crystallization behaviors and in-mold performance of CaF₂-CaO-Al₂O₃ slags for drawing-ingot-type electroslag remelting,Metall. Mater. Trans. B,46(2015),No. 5,p. 2110.
[5]	K. Zheng,Z. T. Zhang,L. L. Liu,and X. D. Wang,Investigation of the viscosity and structural properties of CaO-SiO₂-TiO₂ slags,Metall. Mater. Trans. B,45(2014),No. 4,p. 1389.
[6]	H. Park,J. Y. Park,G. H. Kim,and I. Sohn,Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and slag structure in blast furnace type slags,Steel Res. Int.,83(2012),No. 2,p. 150.
[7]	S. F. Zhang,X. Zhang,C. G. Bai,L. Y. Wen,and X. W. Lv,Effect of TiO₂ content on the structure of CaO-SiO₂-TiO₂ system by molecular dynamics simulation,ISIJ Int.,53(2013),No. 7,p. 1131.
[8]	J. L. Li,Q. F. Shu,and K. C. Chou,Effect of TiO₂ addition on viscosity and structure of CaO-Al₂O₃ based mold fluxes for high Al steel casting,Can. Metall. Q.,54(2015),No. 1,p. 85.
[9]	J. L. Liao,J. Li,X. D. Wang,and Z. T. Zhang,Influence of TiO₂ and basicity on viscosity of Ti bearing slag,Ironmaking Steelmaking,39(2012),No. 2,p. 133.
[10]	S. H. Shin,J. W. Cho,and S. H. Kim,Controlling the shear thinning property of calcium silicate melts by addition of Si₃N₄,J. Non Cryst. Solids,423-424(2015),p. 45.
[11]	S. H. Shin,D. W. Yoon,J. W. Cho,and S. H. Kim,Controlling shear thinning property of lime silica based mold flux system with borate additive at 1623 K,J. Non Cryst. Solids,425(2015),p. 83.
[12]	A. Shankar,M. Görnerup,A. K. Lahiri,and S. Seetharaman,Experimental investigation of the viscosities in CaO-SiO₂-MgO-Al₂O₃ and CaO-SiO₂-MgO-Al₂O₃-TiO₂ slags,Metall. Mater. Trans. B,38(2007),No. 6,p. 911.
[13]	Z. Wang,Q. F. Shu,and K. C. Chou,Viscosity of fluoride-free mold fluxes containing B₂O₃ and TiO₂,Steel Res. Int.,84(2013),No. 8,p. 766.
[14]	N. Saito,N. Hori,K. Nakashima,and K. Mori,Viscosity of blast furnace type slags,Metall. Mater. Trans. B,34(2003),No. 5,p. 509.
[15]	Y. L. Zhen,G. H. Zhang,and K. C. Chou,Influence of Al₂O₃/TiO₂ ratio on viscosities and structure of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-TiO₂ melts,ISIJ Int.,54(2014),No. 4,p. 985.
[16]	Y. Sun,K. Zheng,J. Liao,X. Wang,and Z. Zhang,Effect of P₂O₅ addition on the viscosity and structure of titanium bearing blast furnace slags,ISIJ Int.,54(2014),No. 7,p. 1491.
[17]	A. Ohno and H. U. Ross,Optimum slag composition for the blast-furnace smelting of titaniferous ores,Can. Metall. Q.,(1963),No. 3,p. 259.
[18]	Y. H. Gao,L. T. Bian,and Z. Y. Liang,Influence of B₂O₃ and TiO₂ on viscosity of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag,Steel Res. Int.,86(2015),No. 4,p. 386.
[19]	H. Kim and I. Sohn,Effect of CaF₂ and Li₂O additives on the viscosity of CaO-SiO₂-Na₂O slags,ISIJ Int.,51(2011),No. 1,p. 1.
[20]	Y. M. Gao,S. B. Wang,C. Hong,X. J. Ma,and F. Yang,Effects of basicity and MgO content on the viscosity of the SiO₂-CaO-MgO-9wt% Al₂O₃ slag system,Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,21(2014),No. 4,p. 353.
[21]	H. Kim and I. Sohn,Influence of Li₂O on the viscous behavior of CaO-Al₂O₃-12mass% Na₂O-12 mass% CaF₂ based slags,ISIJ Int.,52(2012),No. 1,p. 68.
[22]	B. Mysen and D. Neuville,Effect of temperature and TiO₂ content on the structure of Na₂Si₂O₅-Na₂Ti₂O₅ melts and glasses,Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,59(1995),No. 2,p. 325.
[23]	B. Reynard and S. L. Webb,High-temperature Raman spectroscopy of Na₂TiSi₂O₇ glass and melt:coordination of Ti⁴⁺ and nature of the configurational changes in the liquid,Eur. J. Mineral.,10(1998),No. 1,p. 49.
[24]	G. S. Henderson and M. E. Fleet,The structure of Ti silicate glasses by micro-Raman spectroscopy,Can. Mineral.,33(1995),p. 399.
[25]	K. Zheng,J. L Liao,X. D. Wang,and Z. T. Zhang,Raman spectroscopic study of the structural properties of CaO-MgO-SiO₂-TiO₂ slags,J. Non Cryst. Solids,376(2013),No. 10,p. 209.
[26]	G. H. Kim and I. Sohn,Effect of Al₂O₃ on the viscosity and structure of calcium silicate-based melts containing Na₂O and CaF₂,J. Non Cryst. Solids,358(2012),No. 12-13,p. 1530.
[27]	H. Kim,H. Matsuura,F. Tsukihashi,W. Wang,and D. J. Min,Effect of Al₂O₃ and CaO/SiO₂ on the viscosity of calcium-silicate based slags containing 10 mass pct MgO,Metall. Mater. Trans. B,44(2013),No. 1,p. 5.
[28]	Y. Sun,J. Liao,K. Zheng,X. Wang,and Z. Zhang,Effect of B₂O₃ on the structure and viscous behavior of Ti-bearing blast furnace slags,JOM,66(2014),No. 10,p. 2168.
[29]	P. McMillan and B. Piriou,Raman spectroscopy of calcium aluminate glasses and crystals,J. Non Cryst. Solids,55(1983),No. 2,p. 221.
[30]	M. Licheron,V. Montouillout,F. Millot,and D. R. Neuville,Raman and ²⁷Al NMR structure investigations of aluminate glasses:(1-x) Al₂O₃-xMO,with M=Ca,Sr,Ba and 0. 5 < x > 0. 75,J. Non Cryst. Solids,357(2011),No. 15,p. 2796.
[31]	P. L. Higby,R. J. Ginther,I. D. Aggarwal,and E. J. Friebele,Glass formation and thermal properties of low-silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses,J. Non Cryst. Solids,126(1990),No. 3,p. 209.
[32]	T. S. Kim and J. H. Park,Structure-viscosity relationship of low-silica calcium aluminosilicate melts,ISIJ Int.,54(2014),No. 9,p. 2031.
[33]	G. H. Kim,C. S. Kim,and I. Sohn,Viscous behavior of alumina rich calcium-silicate based mold fluxes and its correlation to the melt structure,ISIJ Int.,53(2013),No. 1,p. 170.
[34]	D. R. Neuville,L. Cormier,and D. Massiot,Al environment in tectosilicate and peraluminous glasses:a ²⁷Al MQ-MAS NMR,Raman,and XANES investigation,Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,68(2004),No. 24,p. 5071.
[35]	D. R. Neuville,G. S. Henderson,L. Cormier,and D. Massiot,The structure of crystals,glasses,and melts along the CaO-Al₂O₃ join:results from Raman,Al L-and K-edge X-ray absorption,and ²⁷Al NMR spectroscopy,Am. Mineral.,95(2015),No. 10,p. 1580.
[36]	B. O. Mysen,F. J. Ryerson,and D. Virgo,The influence of TiO₂ on the structure and derivative properties of silicate melts,Am. Mineral.,65(1980),p. 1150.

Relative Articles

Cited By

Proportional views

数据统计

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

留言板

数据统计

分享

计量

Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

中文摘要

Effect of TiO₂ on the viscosity and structure of low-fluoride slag used for electroslag remelting of Ti-containing steels

Abstract

References

数据统计

Catalog