Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

Amir Hossein Baghdadi; Zainuddin Sajuri; Nor Fazilah Mohamad Selamat; Mohd Zaidi Omar; Yukio Miyashita; Amir Hossein Kokabi

doi:10.1007/s12613-019-1834-5

Volume 26 Issue 10

Oct. 2019

Turn off MathJax

数据统计

计量

文章访问数: 685
HTML全文浏览量: 147
PDF下载量: 22
被引次数: 0

文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2019 > 26(10): 1285-1298

Amir Hossein Baghdadi, Zainuddin Sajuri, Nor Fazilah Mohamad Selamat, Mohd Zaidi Omar, Yukio Miyashita, and Amir Hossein Kokabi, Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 10, pp. 1285-1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1834-5

Cite this article as:

Amir Hossein Baghdadi, Zainuddin Sajuri, Nor Fazilah Mohamad Selamat, Mohd Zaidi Omar, Yukio Miyashita, and Amir Hossein Kokabi, Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 10, pp. 1285-1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1834-5

Citation:

PDF( 10718 KB)

引用本文 PDF XML SpringerLink

研究论文

Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

Centre for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-11155, Iran

通讯作者:
Amir Hossein Baghdadi E-mail: baghdadi.amirhossein@gmail.com

Zainuddin Sajuri E-mail: zsajuri@ukm.edu.my

中文摘要

Joining Mg to Al is challenging because of the deterioration of mechanical properties caused by the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the Mg/Al interface. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of welded samples by preventing the fracture location at the Mg/Al interface. Friction stir welding was performed to join Mg to Al at different rotational and travel speeds. The microstructure of the welded samples showed the IMCs layers containing Al₁₂Mg₁₇ (γ) and Al₃Mg₂ (β) at the welding zone with a thickness (< 3.5 µm). Mechanical properties were mainly affected by the thickness of the IMCs, which was governed by welding parameters. The highest tensile strength was obtained at 600 r/min and 40 mm/min with a welding efficiency of 80%. The specimens could fracture along the boundary at the thermo-mechanically affected zone in the Mg side of the welded joint.

关键词:

Research Article

Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

+ Author Affiliations

Abstract

Abstract

Joining Mg to Al is challenging because of the deterioration of mechanical properties caused by the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the Mg/Al interface. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of welded samples by preventing the fracture location at the Mg/Al interface. Friction stir welding was performed to join Mg to Al at different rotational and travel speeds. The microstructure of the welded samples showed the IMCs layers containing Al₁₂Mg₁₇ (γ) and Al₃Mg₂ (β) at the welding zone with a thickness (< 3.5 µm). Mechanical properties were mainly affected by the thickness of the IMCs, which was governed by welding parameters. The highest tensile strength was obtained at 600 r/min and 40 mm/min with a welding efficiency of 80%. The specimens could fracture along the boundary at the thermo-mechanically affected zone in the Mg side of the welded joint.
- aluminum alloy;
- magnesium alloy;
- intermetallic compounds;
- dissimilar welded joint;
- friction stir welding

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(41)

References

[1]	B.L. Fu, G.L. Qin, F. Li, X.M. Meng, J.Z. Zhang, and C.S. Wu, Friction stir welding process of dissimilar metals of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy to AZ31B magnesium alloy, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 218(2015), p. 38.
[2]	P. Venkateswaran, Z.H. Xu, X.D. Li, and A.P. Reynolds, Determination of mechanical properties of Al–Mg alloys dissimilar friction stir welded interface by indentation methods, J. Mater. Sci., 44(2009), No. 15, p. 4140.
[3]	A. Dorbane, B. Mansoor, G. Ayoub, V.C. Shunmugasamy, and A. Imad, Mechanical, microstructural and fracture properties of dissimilar welds produced by friction stir welding of AZ31B and Al6061, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 651(2016), p. 720.
[4]	H.Y. Wang, L.M. Liu, M.L. Zhu, and H. Wang, Laser weld bonding of A6061Al alloy to AZ31B Mg alloy, Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 12(2007), No. 3, p. 261.
[5]	P. Liu, Y.J. Li, H.R. Geng, and J. Wang, Microstructure characteristics in TIG welded joint of Mg/Al dissimilar materials, Mater. Lett., 61(2007), No. 6, p. 1288.
[6]	W.S. Liu, L.P. Long, Y.Z. Ma, and L. Wu, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg/Al diffusion bonded joints, J. Alloys Compd., 643(2015), p. 34.
[7]	R. Borrisutthekul, Y. Miyashita, and Y. Mutoh, Dissimilar material laser welding between magnesium alloy AZ31B and aluminum alloy A5052-O, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 6(2005), No. 2, p. 199.
[8]	T.T. Zhang, W.X. Wang, W. Zhang, Y. Wei, X.Q. Cao, Z.F. Yan, and J. Zhou, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of an AA6061/AZ31B alloy plate fabricated by explosive welding, J. Alloys Compd., 735(2018), p. 1759.
[9]	X.B. Liu, F.B. Qiao, L.J. Guo, and X.E. Qiu, Metallographic structure, mechanical properties, and process parameter optimization of 5A06 joints formed by ultrasonic-assisted refill friction stir spot welding, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 2, p. 164.
[10]	Z.W. Ma, Y.Y. Jin, S.D. Ji, X.C. Meng, L. Ma, and Q.H. Li, A general strategy for the reliable joining of Al/Ti dissimilar alloys via ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 35(2019), No. 1, p. 94.
[11]	D. Wu, J. Shen, M.B. Zhou, L. Cheng, and J.X. Sang, Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 10, p. 1169.
[12]	J.H. Dong, C. Gao, Y. Lu, J. Han, X.D. Jiao, and Z.X. Zhu, Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of bobbin-tool friction stir welded 2024–T3 aluminum alloy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 2, p. 171.
[13]	A.H. Baghdadi, A. Rajabi, N.F.M. Selamat, Z. Sajuri, and M.Z. Omar, Effect of post-weld heat treatment on mechanical behaviour and dislocation density of FSWed Al 6061, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 754(2019), p. 728.
[14]	M. Azizieh, A.S. Alavijeh, M. Abbasi, Z. Balak, and H.S. Kim, Mechanical properties and microstructural evaluation of AA1100 to AZ31 dissimilar friction stir welds, Mater. Chem. Phys., 170(2016), p. 251.
[15]	V. Firouzdor and S. Kou, Al-to-Mg friction stir welding: Effect of material position, travel speed, and rotation speed, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 41(2010), No. 11, p. 2914.
[16]	Y. Zhao, Z.P. Lu, K. Yan, and L.Z. Huang, Microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties in underwater friction stir welding of aluminum and magnesium dissimilar alloys, Mater. Des., 65(2015), p. 675.
[17]	P. Pourahmad and M. Abbasi, Materials flow and phase transformation in friction stir welding of Al 6013/Mg, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 23(2013), No. 5, p. 1253.
[18]	X.C. Meng, Y.Y. Jin, S.D. Ji, and D.J. Yan, Improving friction stir weldability of Al/Mg alloys via ultrasonically diminishing pin adhesion, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 34(2018), No. 10, p. 1817.
[19]	Z.L. Liu, X.C. Meng, S.D. Ji, Z.W. Li, and L. Wang, Improving tensile properties of Al/Mg joint by smashing intermetallic compounds via ultrasonic-assisted stationary shoulder friction stir welding, J. Manuf. Processes, 31(2018), p. 552.
[20]	Z.L. Liu, S.D. Ji, and X.C. Meng, Joining of magnesium and aluminum alloys via ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding at low temperature, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 97(2018), No. 9-12, p. 4127.
[21]	P. Venkateswaran and A.P. Reynolds, Factors affecting the properties of Friction Stir Welds between aluminum and magnesium alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 545(2012), p. 26.
[22]	V. Firouzdor and S. Kou, Formation of liquid and intermetallics in Al-to-Mg friction stir welding, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 41(2010), No. 12, p. 3238.
[23]	R. Zettler, A.A M. da Silva, S. Rodrigues, A. Blanco, and J.F. dos Santos, Dissimilar Al to Mg alloy friction stir welds, Adv. Eng. Mater., 8(2006), No. 5, p. 415.
[24]	S.D. Ji, R.F. Huang, X.C. Meng, L.G. Zhang, and Y.X. Huang, Enhancing friction stir weldability of 6061-T6 Al and AZ31B Mg alloys assisted by external non-rotational shoulder, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 26(2017), No. 5, p. 2359.
[25]	S.D. Ji, X.C. Meng, Z.L. Liu, R.F. Huang, and Z.W. Li, Dissimilar friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ31 magnesium alloy assisted with ultrasonic, Mater. Lett., 201(2017), p. 173.
[26]	Y.C. Chen and K. Nakata, Friction stir lap joining aluminum and magnesium alloys, Scripta Mater., 58(2008), No. 6, p. 433.
[27]	Y. Gao, Y. Morisada, H. Fujii, and J. Liao, Dissimilar friction stir lap welding of magnesium to aluminum using plasma electrolytic oxidation interlayer, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 711(2018), p. 109.
[28]	A. Masoudian, A. Tahaei, A. Shakiba, F. Sharifianjazi, and J.A. Mohandesi, Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir weld of dissimilar AZ31-O magnesium alloy to 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 24(2014), No. 5, p. 1317.
[29]	S. Malarvizhi and V. Balasubramanian, Influences of tool shoulder diameter to plate thickness ratio (D/T) on stir zone formation and tensile properties of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of AA6061 aluminum–AZ31B magnesium alloys, Mater. Des., 40(2012), p. 453.
[30]	M.A. Mofid, A. Abdollah-Zadeh, and F.M. Ghaini, The effect of water cooling during dissimilar friction stir welding of Al alloy to Mg alloy, Mater. Des., 36(2012), p. 161.
[31]	T. Morishige, A. Kawaguchi, M. Tsujikawa, M. Hino, T. Hirata, and K. Higashi, Dissimilar welding of Al and Mg alloys by FSW, Mater. Trans., 49(2008), No. 5, p. 1129.
[32]	H. Baker and H. Okamoto, ASM Handbook. Vol. 3. Alloy Phase Diagrams, ASM International, United States, 1992, p. 305.
[33]	F. Fadaeifard, K.A. Matori, M. Toozandehjani, A.R. Daud, M.K.A.M. Ariffin, N.K. Othman, F. Gharavi, A.H. Ramzani, and F. Ostovan, Influence of rotational speed on mechanical properties of friction stir lap welded 6061-T6 Al alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 24(2014), No. 4, p. 1004.
[34]	V. Firouzdor and S. Kou, Al-to-Mg friction stir welding: effect of positions of Al and Mg with respect to the welding tool, Weld. J., 88(2009), No. 11, p. 213.
[35]	Y.S. Sato, S.H.C. Park, M. Michiuchi, and H. Kokawa, Constitutional liquation during dissimilar friction stir welding of Al and Mg alloys, Scripta Mater., 50(2004), No. 9, p. 1233.
[36]	A.C. Somasekharan and L.E. Murr, Microstructures in friction-stir welded dissimilar magnesium alloys and magnesium alloys to 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, Mater. Charact., 52(2004), No. 1, p. 49.
[37]	H.M. Rao, J.B. Jordon, B. Ghaffari, X. Su, A.K. Khosrovaneh, M.E. Barkey, W. Yuan, and M. Guo, Fatigue and fracture of friction stir linear welded dissimilar aluminum-to-magnesium alloys, Int. J. Fatigue, 82(2016), p. 737.
[38]	X.T. Liu, J.Z. Cui, X.M. Wu, Y.H. Guo, and J. Zhang, Phase growth in diffusion couples under an low frequency alternating magnetic field, Scripta Mater., 52(2005), No. 1, p. 79.
[39]	X.T. Liu, J.Z. Cui, Y.H. Guo, X.M. Wu, and J. Zhang, Phase formation and growth in Al–Mg couple with an electromagnetic field, Mater. Lett., 58(2004), No. 9, p. 1520.
[40]	R.S. Mishra and Z.Y. Ma, Friction stir welding and processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. R, 50(2005), No. 1-2, p. 1.
[41]	S.R. Ren, Z.Y. Ma, and L.Q. Chen, Effect of welding parameters on tensile properties and fracture behavior of friction stir welded Al–Mg–Si alloy, Scripta Mater., 56(2007), No. 1, p. 69.

Relative Articles

Cited By

Proportional views

数据统计

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

留言板

数据统计

分享

计量

Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

中文摘要

Effect of intermetallic compounds on the fracture behavior of dissimilar friction stir welding joints of Mg and Al alloys

Abstract

References

数据统计

Catalog