从高硅低品位钴矿中选择性氨浸提取钴的工艺及动力学研究

田磊; 龚傲; 吴选高; 喻小强; 徐志峰; 陈丽杰

doi:10.1007/s12613-020-2161-6

Volume 29 Issue 2

Feb. 2022

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2022 > 29(2): 218-227

Lei Tian, Ao Gong, Xuangao Wu, Xiaoqiang Yu, Zhifeng Xu, and Lijie Chen, Process and kinetics of the selective extraction of cobalt from high-silicon low-grade cobalt ores using ammonia leaching, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 2, pp. 218-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2161-6

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Lei Tian, Ao Gong, Xuangao Wu, Xiaoqiang Yu, Zhifeng Xu, and Lijie Chen, Process and kinetics of the selective extraction of cobalt from high-silicon low-grade cobalt ores using ammonia leaching, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 2, pp. 218-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2161-6

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研究论文

从高硅低品位钴矿中选择性氨浸提取钴的工艺及动力学研究

江西理工大学绿色冶金与过程强化研究所，赣州 341000，中国

* 共同第一作者

通讯作者:
徐志峰 E-mail: xu.zf@jxust.edu.cn

陈丽杰 E-mail: 81191520@qq.com

文章亮点

(1) 研究了采用氨浸法从高硅低品位钴矿中选择性提取钴的可行性及其影响因素，阐明了选择性氨浸过程中钴的浸出行为。
(2) 研究了浸出前后物相组成结构变化及浸取剂循环使用性能。
(3) 研究了选择性氨浸过程中钴的浸出动力学及其控制步骤。

中文摘要

本文针对非洲高硅低品位钴矿采用氨性体系选择性浸出钴，避免了其他杂质元素的浸出，整体工艺简单，且对环境友好。浸出试验结果表明:采用(NH₄)₂SO₄ 为浸取剂，在 (NH₄)₂SO₄ 浓度为300 g/L、还原剂Na₂SO₃用量为 0.7 g, 浸出温度为353 K、反应时间为4 h、液固比为6 mL/g的条件下，Co的浸出率可达95.61%。钴的浸出动力学研究表明：浸出反应的表观活化能为76.07 kJ/mol（在40–300 kJ/mol范围内），说明从钴矿中浸出Co的过程受界面化学反应控制。Co浸出动力学模型可表示为： $1-{(1-\alpha )}^{1/3}= 28.01\times {10}^{3}\times {r}_{0}^{-1}\times {C}_{{{({\rm NH}}_{4})}_{2}{\rm{SO}}_{4}}^{1.5}\times {\rm exp}(-76073/8.314T)\times{t}$，其中 α是浸出率(%)，r₀为钴矿的平均半径(m)， T 为温度(K)， ${C}_{{{({\rm NH}}_{4})}_{2}{{\rm SO}}_{4}}$是反应物初始浓度(kg/m³)。

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Research Article

Process and kinetics of the selective extraction of cobalt from high-silicon low-grade cobalt ores using ammonia leaching

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Abstract

Abstract

An ammonia-based system was used to selectively leach cobalt (Co) from an African high-silicon low-grade Co ore, and the other elemental impurities were inhibited from leaching in this process. This process was simple and environmentally friendly. The results revealed that the leaching ratio of Co can reach up to 95.61% using (NH₄)₂SO₄ as a leaching agent under the following materials and conditions: (NH₄)₂SO₄ concentration 300 g/L, reductant dosage 0.7 g, leaching temperature 353 K, reaction time 4 h, and liquid–solid ratio 6 mL/g. The leaching kinetics of Co showed that the apparent activation energy of Co leaching was 76.07 kJ/mol (i.e., in the range of 40–300 kJ/mol). This indicated that the leaching of Co from the Co ore was controlled by an interfacial chemical reaction, and then the developed leaching kinetics model of the Co can be expressed as $1-{(1-\alpha )}^{1/3}= 28.01\times {10}^{3}\times {r}_{0}^{-1}\times {C}_{{{({\rm NH}}_{4})}_{2}{\rm{SO}}_{4}}^{1.5}\times {\rm exp}(-76073/8.314T)\times{t}$, where α is the leaching ratio (%) of Co, r₀ is the average radius (m) of the Co ore particles, T is the temperature (K), and ${C}_{{{({\rm NH}}_{4})}_{2}{{\rm SO}}_{4}}$is the initial reactant concentration (kg/m³).
- ammonia leaching;
- leaching kinetics;
- selective extraction;
- cobalt

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