利用二元低共熔碳酸盐从模拟废旧锂离子电池火法渣中提取锂

党辉; 常志东; 周花蕾; 马思航; 李敏; 向佳玲

doi:10.1007/s12613-021-2366-3

Volume 29 Issue 9

Sep. 2022

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2022 > 29(9): 1715-1721

Hui Dang, Zhidong Chang, Hualei Zhou, Sihang Ma, Min Li, and Jialing Xiang, Extraction of lithium from the simulated pyrometallurgical slag of spent lithium-ion batteries by binary eutectic molten carbonates, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1715-1721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2366-3

Cite this article as:

Hui Dang, Zhidong Chang, Hualei Zhou, Sihang Ma, Min Li, and Jialing Xiang, Extraction of lithium from the simulated pyrometallurgical slag of spent lithium-ion batteries by binary eutectic molten carbonates, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1715-1721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2366-3

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研究论文

利用二元低共熔碳酸盐从模拟废旧锂离子电池火法渣中提取锂

北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院化学与化学工程系, 北京 100083, 中国

通讯作者:
常志东 E-mail: zdchang@ustb.edu.cn

周花蕾 E-mail: hlzhou@ustb.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 开发了一种从废旧锂电池火法渣中提锂的新体系。

(2) 通过量化计算研究了锂离子从晶格中释放的机理。

(3) 总结并提出了低共熔碳酸盐作焙烧剂提锂的机理。

中文摘要

从废旧锂离子电池（LIBs）的火法渣中有效和低温提取锂仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在本工作中，将碳酸钾/碳酸钠（K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃）作为焙烧剂用于火法渣中锂的提取，其中K₂CO₃和Na₂CO₃能够在720℃下形成低共熔盐。通过K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃焙烧然后水浸成功地将锂从渣中提取出来。理论计算结果表明，K⁺/Na⁺吸附后Li–O键的长度增加。在K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃焙烧后，Li⁺容易从LiAlSi₂O₆的晶格中释放出来。热重–差示扫描量热法结果表明，在720°C时可以观察到K₂CO₃和Na₂CO₃的低共熔现象，在720°C以上，炉渣和低共熔熔盐开始发生反应。X射线衍射结果表明，渣中的Li⁺被K₂CO₃中的K⁺交换，同时形成KAlSiO₄，而Na₂CO₃主要起到助熔剂的作用。在焙烧温度为740℃、焙烧时间为30 min、浸出温度为50℃、浸出时间为40 min、水/焙烧样品质量比为10：1的条件下，锂的提取率最高达到93.87%。这项工作提供了一种从废旧锂离子电池的火法渣中提取锂的新体系。

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Research Article

Extraction of lithium from the simulated pyrometallurgical slag of spent lithium-ion batteries by binary eutectic molten carbonates

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Abstract

Abstract

The effective and low-temperature extraction of lithium from the pyrometallurgical slag of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remains a great challenge. Herein, potassium carbonate/sodium carbonate (K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃), which could form a eutectic molten salt system at 720°C, was used as a roasting agent to extract lithium from pyrometallurgical slag. Lithium was successfully extracted from the slag by K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃ roasting followed by water leaching. Theoretical calculation results indicate that the lengths of Li–O bonds increase after K⁺/Na⁺ adsorption, resulting in the easy release of Li⁺ from the LiAlSi₂O₆ lattice after roasting with K₂CO₃/Na₂CO₃. Thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry results indicate that the eutectic phenomenon of K₂CO₃ and Na₂CO₃ could be observed at 720°C and that the reaction of the slag and eutectic molten salts occurs at temperatures above 720°C. X-ray diffraction results suggest that Li⁺ in the slag is exchanged by K⁺ in K₂CO₃ with the concurrent formation of KAlSiO₄, while Na₂CO₃ mainly functions as a fluxing agent. The lithium extraction efficiency can reach 93.87% under the optimal conditions of a roasting temperature of 740°C, roasting time of 30 min, leaching temperature of 50°C, leaching time of 40 min, and water/roasted sample mass ratio of 10:1. This work provides a new system for extracting lithium from the pyrometallurgical slag of spent LIBs.
- spent lithium-ion battery;
- lithium recovery;
- silicate structure;
- low roasting temperature;
- binary eutectic carbonates roasting

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利用二元低共熔碳酸盐从模拟废旧锂离子电池火法渣中提取锂

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Extraction of lithium from the simulated pyrometallurgical slag of spent lithium-ion batteries by binary eutectic molten carbonates

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