微波热点诱导钒页岩高效浸出提钒机理的新见解

李胜; 张一敏; 袁益忠; 胡鹏程

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2459-7

Volume 30 Issue 2

Feb. 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(2): 293-302

Sheng Li, Yimin Zhang, Yizhong Yuan, and Pengcheng Hu, An insight on the mechanism of efficient leaching of vanadium from vanadium shale induced by microwave-generated hot spots, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 2, pp. 293-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2459-7

Cite this article as:

Sheng Li, Yimin Zhang, Yizhong Yuan, and Pengcheng Hu, An insight on the mechanism of efficient leaching of vanadium from vanadium shale induced by microwave-generated hot spots, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 2, pp. 293-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2459-7

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研究论文

微波热点诱导钒页岩高效浸出提钒机理的新见解

1)
武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院, 武汉 430081, 中国
2)
国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室, 武汉科技大学, 武汉 430081, 中国
3)
战略钒资源利用省部共建协同创新中心, 武汉 430081, 中国
4)
湖北省页岩钒资源高效清洁利用工程技术研究中心, 武汉科技大学, 武汉 430081, 中国
5)
武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 武汉 430081, 中国

通讯作者:
张一敏 E-mail: zym126135@126.com

文章亮点

(1) 比较了两种加热方式下钒浸出行为。

(2) 研究了微波场下钒页岩的电场和温度分布。

(3) 揭示了高温热点对钒页岩矿物结构的影响。

(4) 阐明了微波强化浸出钒的机理。

中文摘要

微波加热可以快速均匀地提高温度并加快反应速度。本文采用微波加热强化酸浸过程，并通过微观形貌分析和COMSOL Multiphysics软件的数值模拟研究了微波辅助浸出的强化机理。研究了微波功率、浸出温度、CaF₂用量、H₂SO₄浓度和浸出时间对钒浸出率的影响。在微波功率为550 W、浸出温度为95°C、CaF₂用量为5wt%、H₂SO₄浓度为20vol%、浸出时间为2.5 h的条件下，钒浸出率为80.66%，相比于常规加热浸出，浸出率提升了6.18%；同等浸出率的水平下浸出时间可以缩短9.5 h。SEM和XRD分析表明，微波加热可以细化矿物颗粒尺寸，使得钒页岩颗粒的活性表面暴露于浸出液中，从而加速反应速率。同时，微波辅助浸出后云母矿物的层状结构被剥落，有利于钒的释放。数值模拟结果表明，钒页岩颗粒中的电场强度和温度随着介质中介电常数的增加而降低；钒页岩颗粒之间的电场和温度分布相对均匀，但电场强度在颗粒接触位置处激增，该处的温度也随之激增，从而形成高温热点。此外，随着钒页岩颗粒聚集的增加，电场强度和温度在不同程度地增加。验证实验和浸出实验的结果表明，微波辅助浸出过程中存在高温热点，高温热点破坏了矿物结构，细化了矿物的粒度，并剥离了云母的层状结构。随着含钒矿物暴露表面的增加，氢离子与活性位点之间的碰撞频率增加，反应速率增加，浸出时间缩短。

关键词:

Research Article

An insight on the mechanism of efficient leaching of vanadium from vanadium shale induced by microwave-generated hot spots

+ Author Affiliations

1)
School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2)
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
3)
Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
4)
Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
5)
School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author:
Yimin Zhang E-mail: zym126135@126.com
Received: 16 November 2021; Revised: 2 March 2022; Accepted: 3 March 2022; Available online: 4 March 2022

Abstract

Abstract

Microwave heating can rapidly and uniformly raise the temperature and accelerate the reaction rate. In this paper, microwave heating was used to improve the acid leaching, and the mechanism was investigated via microscopic morphology analysis and numerical simulation by COMSOL Multiphysics software. The effects of the microwave power, leaching temperature, CaF₂ dosage, H₂SO₄ concentration, and leaching time on the vanadium recovery were investigated. A vanadium recovery of 80.66% is obtained at a microwave power of 550 W, leaching temperature of 95°C, CaF₂ dosage of 5wt%, H₂SO₄ concentration of 20vol%, and leaching time of 2.5 h. Compared with conventional leaching technology, the vanadium recovery increases by 6.18%, and the leaching time shortens by 79.17%. More obvious pulverization of shale particles and delamination of mica minerals happen in the microwave-assisted leaching process. Numerical simulation results show that the temperature of vanadium shales increases with an increase in electric field (E-field). The distributions of E-field and temperature among vanadium shale particles are relatively uniform, except for the higher content at the contact position of the particles. The analysis results of scale-up experiments and leaching experiments indicate high-temperature hot spots in the process of microwave-assisted leaching, and the local high temperature destroys the mineral structure and accelerates the reaction rate.
- vanadium shale;
- microwave-assisted leaching;
- hot spots;
- numerical simulation

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