非晶态CNTs修饰PyC超轻宽频吸波材料

孔硌; 骆思翰; 张书瑜; 张桂芹; 梁怡

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2476-6

Volume 30 Issue 3

Mar. 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(3): 570-580

Luo Kong, Sihan Luo, Shuyu Zhang, Guiqin Zhang, and Yi Liang, Ultralight pyrolytic carbon foam reinforced with amorphous carbon nanotubes for broadband electromagnetic absorption, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 570-580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2476-6

Cite this article as:

Luo Kong, Sihan Luo, Shuyu Zhang, Guiqin Zhang, and Yi Liang, Ultralight pyrolytic carbon foam reinforced with amorphous carbon nanotubes for broadband electromagnetic absorption, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 570-580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2476-6

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研究论文

非晶态CNTs修饰PyC超轻宽频吸波材料

陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 西安 710021

通讯作者:
孔硌 E-mail: kongluo@sina.com

文章亮点

(1) 构筑自支撑三维超轻CNTs/PyC泡沫，研究了制备工艺对复合材料微结构的影响规律

(2) 深入研究CNTs/PyC泡沫的极化和电导损耗机制，实现对材料电磁参数的精确调控

(3) 探索了X波段超轻、宽频强吸波材料的微观结构设计思路

中文摘要

对于吸波材料来说，特定频率下材料对电磁波的吸收值不断突破，但提高整个波段吸收性能仍是挑战。本文采用模板法合成了三维多孔热解碳(PyC)泡沫基体，在其表面原位生长非晶态碳纳米管(CNTs)，获得密度为22.0 mg·cm⁻³的超轻CNTs/PyC泡沫。原位生长的非晶CNTs在基体内部分布均匀，获得丰富的界面和适中的电导率，可满足阻抗匹配要求，并且通过调控催化生长时间增强了复合材料的界面极化和电导损耗。当电磁波进入CNTs/PyC泡沫材料的内部孔道时，界面极化损耗、电导损耗和多重反射机制可协同衰减电磁波能量。获得的CNTs/PyC泡沫对电磁波的最小反射率为−29.6 dB，在整个X波段的反射率均低于−13.3 dB。研究结果为X波段内超轻、宽频强吸波材料的研究提供了思路。

关键词:

Research Article

Ultralight pyrolytic carbon foam reinforced with amorphous carbon nanotubes for broadband electromagnetic absorption

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Abstract

Abstract

For electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials, maximizing absorption at a specific frequency has been constantly achieved, but enhancing the absorption properties in the entire band remains a challenge. In this work, a 3D porous pyrolytic carbon (PyC) foam matrix was synthesized by a template method. Amorphous carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were then in-situ grown on the matrix surface to obtain ultralight CNTs/PyC foam. These in-situ grown amorphous CNTs were distributed uniformly and controlled by the catalytic growth time and can enhance the interface polarization and conduction loss of composites. When the electromagnetic wave enters the internal holes, the electromagnetic energy can be completely attenuated under the combined action of polarization, conductivity loss, and multiple reflections. The ultralight CNTs/PyC foam had a density of 22.0 mg·cm⁻³ and a reflection coefficient lower than −13.3 dB in the whole X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz), which is better than the conventional standard of effective absorption bandwidth (≤−10 dB). The results provide ideas for researching ultralight and strong electromagnetic wave absorbing materials in the X-band.
- ultralight;
- carbon foam;
- amorphous carbon nanotubes;
- broadband electromagnetic absorption

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