用Monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA从废汽车催化剂的高酸浸出液中分离钯和铂

王俊莲; 刘璐; 许文; 刘辉; 徐国栋; 黄焜; 郁丰善; 黄国勇

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2492-6

Volume 30 Issue 5

May 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(5): 877-885

Junlian Wang, Lu Liu, Wen Xu, Hui Liu, Guodong Xu, Kun Huang, Fengshan Yu, and Guoyong Huang, Separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 877-885. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2492-6

Cite this article as:

Junlian Wang, Lu Liu, Wen Xu, Hui Liu, Guodong Xu, Kun Huang, Fengshan Yu, and Guoyong Huang, Separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 877-885. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2492-6

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研究论文

用Monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA从废汽车催化剂的高酸浸出液中分离钯和铂

1)
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083，中国
2)
金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083，中国
3)
中国石油大学(北京)化工学院重质油国家重点实验室，北京 102249，中国
4)
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083，中国
5)
江西省汉氏贵金属有限公司，上饶 335500，中国

通讯作者:
王俊莲 E-mail: wangjunlian306@163.com

郁丰善 E-mail: yufengshan2008@163.com

文章亮点

(1) 直接从废汽车催化剂的高酸（6~8 mol/L HCl）浸出液中分离Pd和Pt；

(2) 详细研究了monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA萃取分离钯和铂的性能和机理；

(3) 提出了用monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA从废汽车催化剂的高酸浸出液中分离Pd、Pt的原则流程图。

中文摘要

汽车尾气催化剂是燃油汽车不可缺少的一部分，铂族金属（特别是Pt、Pd和Rh）是汽车催化剂的活性成分。废汽车催化剂具有潜在的环境和健康风险，而铂族金属非常珍贵和稀有，具有很高的经济价值。因此，从废汽车催化剂中回收铂族金属近年来备受关注。废汽车催化剂的浸出液通常为高酸性HCl体系，使得直接从浸出液中高效分离钯和铂十分困难。本文采用monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA从高酸性汽车催化剂浸出液中直接分离Pd和Pt。讨论了酸度、萃取剂浓度、相比和稀释剂等参数对萃取分离Pd和Pt的影响，同时提出了分离Pd和Pt的原则流程图。结果表明，Monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA能够成功的从废汽车催化剂的高酸模拟浸出液中分离Pd和Pt。Monothio-Cyanex 272对Pd具有很强的萃取能力和选择性，仅需一级萃取即可将99.9%以上的Pd选择性地萃入有机相，酸性硫脲能够将负载的Pd有效反萃。当酸度为6 mol·L^–1 HCl时，TOA对Pt和Fe具有很强的萃取能力，经过两级逆流萃取，超过99.9%的Pt和几乎所有的Fe被萃取入有机相，稀HCl能将共萃的碱金属（Fe、Cu和Co）洗涤干净。负载的Pt能被1.0 mol·L^–1硫脲和0.05~0.1 mol·L^–1 NaOH溶液有效反萃。Monothio-Cyanex 272和TOA可以实现从废汽车催化剂的高酸浸出液中分离Pd和Pt。

关键词:

Research Article

Separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine

+ Author Affiliations

1)
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2)
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Beijing 100083, China
3)
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
4)
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
5)
Jiangxi Province Han’s Precious Metals Co., Ltd., Shangrao 335500, China

Corresponding authors:
Junlian Wang E-mail: wangjunlian306@163.com

Fengshan Yu E-mail: yufengshan2008@163.com
Received: 24 December 2021; Revised: 2 April 2022; Accepted: 6 April 2022; Available online: 7 April 2022

Abstract

Abstract

Platinum group metals (PGMs), especially Pd, Pt, and Rh, have drawn great attention due to their unique features. Direct separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic automobile catalyst leach liquors is disturbed by various factors. This work investigates the effect of various parameters including the acidity, extractant concentration, phase ratio A/O, and diluents on the Pd and Pt extraction and their stripping behaviors. The results show that the Pd and Pt are successfully separated from simulated leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine (TOA). Monothio-Cyanex 272 shows strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd, and only one single stage is needed to recover more than 99.9% of Pd, leaving behind all the Pt, Rh, and base metals of Fe, Mg, Ce, Ni, Cu, and Co in the raffinate. The loaded Pd is efficiently stripped by acidic thiourea solutions. TOA shows strong extractability for Pt and Fe at acidity of 6 mol·L^–1 HCl. More than 99.9% of Pt and all of the Fe are extracted into the organic phase after two stages of countercurrent extraction. Diluted HCl easily scrubs the loaded base metals (Fe, Cu, and Co). The loaded Pt is efficiently stripped by 1.0 mol·L^–1 thiourea and 0.05–0.1 mol·L^–1 NaOH solutions. Monothio-Cyanex 272 and TOA can realize the separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts.
- platinum group metals;
- spent automobile catalysts;
- extraction;
- separation;
- high chloride media

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