留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码
Volume 30 Issue 3
Mar.  2023

图(10)  / 表(1)

数据统计

分享

计量
  • 文章访问数:  1034
  • HTML全文浏览量:  438
  • PDF下载量:  97
  • 被引次数: 0
You Zhou, Hongpeng Wang, Dan Wang, Xianfeng Yang, Hongna Xing, Juan Feng, Yan Zong, Xiuhong Zhu, Xinghua Li, and Xinliang Zheng, Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 474-484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2499-z
Cite this article as:
You Zhou, Hongpeng Wang, Dan Wang, Xianfeng Yang, Hongna Xing, Juan Feng, Yan Zong, Xiuhong Zhu, Xinghua Li, and Xinliang Zheng, Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 474-484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2499-z
引用本文 PDF XML SpringerLink
研究论文

石墨化与孔隙率对ZIF-8衍生N掺杂多孔碳微波吸收特性的增强机制调控研究

  • 通讯作者:

    李兴华    E-mail: xinghua.li@nwu.edu.cn

文章亮点

  • (1)利用ZIF-8作为前驱体,通过改变碳化温度成功制备了不同石墨化程度和孔隙率的多孔N掺杂碳材料。
  • (2)系统研究了材料石墨化程度、孔隙率和N掺杂剂的竞争机制,以及对介电性能和阻抗匹配特性的影响。
  • (3)当炭化温度为1000℃,厚度为1.29 mm时,多孔N掺杂碳材料最小反射损耗在16.95 GHz时可达到−50.57dB,有效吸收带宽为4.17 GHz。
  • 随着无线通信技术的普及,电磁污染等问题日益严重。因此,迫切需要开发高效的微波吸收剂来避免电磁污染。在众多微波吸收剂中,多孔碳基材料由于具有密度低、介电损耗高等优点得到了研究人员的青睐。然而,多孔碳基材料石墨化程度和多孔结构对介电常数的影响以及内在竞争机制目前尚不明确。本文旨在利用Zn的低沸点性质,在不同温度下对ZIF-8 (Zn)进行炭化,制备多孔N掺杂碳,并对其微波吸收性能进行研究。结果表明,多孔N掺杂碳继承了ZIF-8前驱体的高孔隙率。随着炭化温度的升高,Zn和N元素含量降低;石墨化程度提高;比表面积和孔隙率先增大后减小。当炭化温度为1000℃时,多孔N掺杂碳具有最优异的微波吸收性能。当厚度为1.29 mm时,最小反射损耗在16.95 GHz时达到了−50.57 dB,有效吸收带宽为4.17 GHz。微波吸收提高的机理是石墨化和孔隙率以及N掺杂剂的竞争,使其具有较高的介电损耗能力和良好的阻抗匹配。同时,多孔结构延长了微波与多孔碳的接触路径,提高了微波与多孔碳的接触面积,提高了界面极化和改善了材料的阻抗。此外,N掺杂能诱发电子极化和缺陷极化。这些结果为通过调节石墨化和孔隙率来制备轻量化碳基微波吸收剂提供了新的思路。
  • Research Article

    Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity

    + Author Affiliations
    • Porous carbon-based materials are promised to be lightweight dielectric microwave absorbents. Deeply understanding the influence of graphitization grade and porous structure on the dielectric parameters is urgently required. Herein, utilizing the low boiling point of Zn, porous N-doped carbon was fabricated by carbonization of ZIF-8 (Zn) at different temperature, and the microwave absorption performance was investigated. The porous N-doped carbon inherits the high porosity of ZIF-8 precursor. By increasing the carbonization temperature, the contents of Zn and N elements are decreased; the graphitization degree is improved; however, the specific surface area and porosity are increased first and then decreased. When the carbonization temperature is 1000°C, the porous N-doped carbon behaves enhanced microwave absorption. With an ultrathin thickness of 1.29 mm, the ideal RL reaches −50.57 dB at 16.95 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth is 4.17 GHz. The mechanism of boosted microwave absorption is ascribed to the competition of graphitization and porosity as well as N dopants, resulting in high dielectric loss capacity and good impedance matching. The porous structure can prolong the pathways and raise the contact opportunity between microwaves and porous carbon, causing multiple scattering, interface polarization, and improved impedance matching. Besides, the N dopants can induce electron polarization and defect polarization. These results give a new insight to construct lightweight carbon-based microwave absorbents by regulating the graphitization and porosity.
    • loading
    • Supplementary Informations-IJM-03-2022-0273.doc
    • [1]
      N.N. Wu, Q. Hu, R.B. Wei, et al., Review on the electromagnetic interference shielding properties of carbon based materials and their novel composites: Recent progress, challenges and prospects, Carbon, 176(2021), p. 88. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.01.124
      [2]
      X.J. Zhou, J.W. Wen, Z.N. Wang, X.H. Ma, and H.J. Wu, Size-controllable porous flower-like NiCo2O4 fabricated via sodium tartrate assisted hydrothermal synthesis for lightweight electromagnetic absorber, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 602(2021), p. 834. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.083
      [3]
      M. L. Ma, W. T. Li, Z. Y. Tong, et al., Facile synthesis of the one-dimensional flower-like yolk–shell Fe3O4@SiO2@NiO nanochains composites for high-performance microwave absorption, J. Alloys Compd., 843(2020), art. No. 155199. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155199
      [4]
      T.Q. Hou, Z.R. Jia, Y.H. Dong, X.H. Liu, and G.L. Wu, Layered 3D structure derived from MXene/magnetic carbon nanotubes for ultra-broadband electromagnetic wave absorption, Chem. Eng. J., 431(2022), art. No. 133919. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.133919
      [5]
      W.B. Huang, Z.Y. Tong, R.Z. Wang, et al., A review on electrospinning nanofibers in the field of microwave absorption, Ceram. Int., 46(2020), p. 26441. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.193
      [6]
      X.J. Zeng, X.Y. Cheng, R.H. Yu, and G.D. Stucky, Electromagnetic microwave absorption theory and recent achievements in microwave absorbers, Carbon, 168(2020), p. 606. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.07.028
      [7]
      Y. Liu, Z. R. Jia, Q.Q. Zhan, et al., Magnetic manganese-based composites with multiple loss mechanisms towards broadband absorption, Nano Res., 15(2022), No. 6, p. 5590. doi: 10.1007/s12274-022-4287-5
      [8]
      J. Yan, Y. Huang, X.D. Liu, et al., Polypyrrole-based composite materials for electromagnetic wave absorption, Polym. Rev., 61(2021), No. 3, p. 646. doi: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1870490
      [9]
      T.Q. Hou, Z.R. Jia, A.L. Feng, et al., Hierarchical composite of biomass derived magnetic carbon framework and phytic acid doped polyanilne with prominent electromagnetic wave absorption capacity, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 68(2021), p. 61. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.06.046
      [10]
      D.D. Zhi, T. Li, J.Z. Li, H.S. Ren, and F.B. Meng, A review of three-dimensional graphene-based aerogels: Synthesis, structure and application for microwave absorption, Composites Part B, 211(2021), art. No. 108642. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.108642
      [11]
      Y. Liu, X.H. Liu, X.Y. E, et al., Synthesis of MnxOy@C hybrid composites for optimal electromagnetic wave absorption capacity and wideband absorption, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 103(2022), p. 157. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.06.034
      [12]
      X.J. Zhou, J.W. Wen, Z.N. Wang, X.H. Ma, and H.J. Wu, Broadband high-performance microwave absorption of the single-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 115(2022), p. 148. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.11.029
      [13]
      Y.H. Cui, K. Yang, J.Q. Wang, T. Shah, Q.Y. Zhang, and B.L. Zhang, Preparation of pleated RGO/MXene/Fe3O4 microsphere and its absorption properties for electromagnetic wave, Carbon, 172(2021), p. 1. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.09.093
      [14]
      L.F. Sun, Z.R. Jia, S. Xu, et al., Synthesis of NiCo2–0.5xCr2O3@C nanoparticles based on hydroxide with the heterogeneous interface for excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties, Compos. Commun., 29(2022), art. No. 100993. doi: 10.1016/j.coco.2021.100993
      [15]
      R.W. Shu, Z.L. Wan, J.B. Zhang, et al., Facile design of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite foams as lightweight and highly efficient microwave absorbers, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 12(2020), No. 4, p. 4689. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b16134
      [16]
      B.D. Che, B.Q. Nguyen, L.T.T. Nguyen, et al., The impact of different multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the X-band microwave absorption of their epoxy nanocomposites, Chem. Central J., 9(2015), No. 1, p. 1. doi: 10.1186/s13065-014-0076-x
      [17]
      G.M. Li, L.C. Wang, W.X. Li, and Y. Xu, Fe-, Co-, and Ni-loaded porous activated carbon balls as lightweight microwave absorbents, Chemphyschem, 16(2015), No. 16, p. 3458. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201500608
      [18]
      W.X. Li, L.C. Wang, G.M. Li, and Y. Xu, Single-crystal octahedral CoFe2O4 nanoparticles loaded on carbon balls as a lightweight microwave absorbent, J. Alloys Compd., 633(2015), p. 11. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.02.006
      [19]
      Y.Y. Gu, P. Dai, W. Zhang, and Z.W. Su, Fish bone-derived interconnected carbon nanofibers for efficient and lightweight microwave absorption, SN Appl. Sci., 3(2021), No. 2, p. 1. doi: 10.36870/japps.v3i2.245
      [20]
      K. Nasouri, A.M. Shoushtari, J. Mirzaei, and A.A. Merati, Synthesis of carbon nanotubes composite nanofibers for ultrahigh performance UV protection and microwave absorption applications, Diam. Relat. Mater., 107(2020), art. No. 107896. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2020.107896
      [21]
      D. Gunwant and A. Vedrtnam, Microwave absorbing properties of carbon fiber based materials: A review and prospective, J. Alloys Compd., 881(2021), art. No. 160572. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160572
      [22]
      J.B. Cheng, H.G. Shi, M. Cao, et al, Porous carbon materials for microwave absorption, Mater. Adv., 1(2020), No. 8, p. 2631. doi: 10.1039/D0MA00662A
      [23]
      C.L. Hu, H.P. Liu, Y.H. Zhang, et al., Tuning microwave absorption properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by surface functional groups, J. Mater. Sci., 54(2019), No. 3, p. 2417. doi: 10.1007/s10853-018-2895-y
      [24]
      S.K. Singh, M.J. Akhtar, and K.K. Kar, Hierarchical carbon nanotube-coated carbon fiber: Ultra lightweight, thin, and highly efficient microwave absorber, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10(2018), No. 29, p. 24816. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b06673
      [25]
      M.A. Aslam, W. Ding, S. ur Rehman, et al., Low cost 3D bio-carbon foams obtained from wheat straw with broadened bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorption performance, Appl. Surf. Sci., 543(2021), art. No. 148785. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148785
      [26]
      L. Chai, Y.Q. Wang, and N.F. Zhou, et al., In-situ growth of core–shell ZnFe2O4@porous hollow carbon microspheres as an efficient microwave absorber, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 581(2021), p. 475. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.102
      [27]
      X. Wu, K. Liu, J. W. Ding, et al., Construction of Ni-based alloys decorated sucrose-derived carbon hybrid towards: effective microwave absorption application, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater., 5(2022), No. 3, p. 2276. doi: 10.1007/s42114-021-00383-1
      [28]
      Z.C. Wu, K. Pei, L. Xing, et al., Enhanced microwave absorption performance from magnetic coupling of magnetic nanoparticles suspended within hierarchically tubular composite, Adv. Funct. Mater., 29(2019), No. 28, art. No. 1901448. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201901448
      [29]
      X.F. Zhou, Z.R. Jia, A.L. Feng, et al., Synthesis of fish skin-derived 3D carbon foams with broadened bandwidth and excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance, Carbon, 152(2019), p. 827. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.06.080
      [30]
      Y. Cheng, J.M. Cao, Y. Li, et al., The outside-in approach to construct Fe3O4 nanocrystals/mesoporous carbon hollow spheres core–shell hybrids toward microwave absorption, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 6(2018), No. 1, p. 1427. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03846
      [31]
      L.X. Wang, P.P. Zhou, Y. Guo, et al., The effect of ZnCl2 activation on microwave absorbing performance in walnut shell-derived nano-porous carbon, RSC Adv., 9(2019), No. 17, p. 9718. doi: 10.1039/C8RA09932D
      [32]
      Z.C. Wu, K. Tian, T. Huang, et al., Hierarchically porous carbons derived from biomasses with excellent microwave absorption performance, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10(2018), No. 13, p. 11108. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b17264
      [33]
      X.M. Huang, X.H. Liu, Z.R. Jia, et al., Synthesis of 3D cerium oxide/porous carbon for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption performance, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater., 4(2021), No. 4, p. 1398. doi: 10.1007/s42114-021-00304-2
      [34]
      Y. Cheng, H.Q. Zhao, Y. Zhao, et al., Structure-switchable mesoporous carbon hollow sphere framework toward sensitive microwave response, Carbon, 161(2020), p. 870. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.02.011
      [35]
      Q.L. Wu, H.H. Jin, B. Zhang, et al., Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped porous composites with amorphous carbon/Zn shell for high-performance microwave absorption, Nanomaterials, 10(2020), No. 2, art. No. 330. doi: 10.3390/nano10020330
      [36]
      X.F. Yang, Y. Zhou, H.N. Xing, et al., MIL-88B (Fe) driven Fe/Fe3C encapsulated in high-crystalline carbon for high-efficient microwave absorption and electromagnetic interference shielding, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 55(2022), No. 14, art. No. 145003. doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac3e29
      [37]
      X.Y. Zhang, Z.R. Jia, F. Zhang, et al., MOF-derived NiFe2S4/porous carbon composites as electromagnetic wave absorber, J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 610(2022), p. 610. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.110
      [38]
      R.W. Shu, W.J. Li, Y. Wu, J.B. Zhang, and G.Y. Zhang, Nitrogen-doped Co–C/MWCNTs nanocomposites derived from bimetallic metal-organic frameworks for electromagnetic wave absorption in the X-band, Chem. Eng. J., 362(2019), p. 513. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.01.090
      [39]
      C.X. Wang, Z.R. Jia, S.Q. He, et al., Metal-organic framework-derived CoSn/NC nanocubes as absorbers for electromagnetic wave attenuation, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 108(2022), p. 236. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.07.049
      [40]
      R.W. Shu, N.N. Li, X.H. Li, and J.J. Sun, Preparation of FeNi/C composite derived from metal-organic frameworks as high-efficiency microwave absorbers at ultrathin thickness, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 606(2022), p. 1918. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.011
      [41]
      Z.X. Zhang, X.S. Luo, B. Wang, and J.B. Zhang, Electron transport improvement of perovskite solar cells via a ZIF-8-derived porous carbon skeleton, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2(2019), No. 4, p. 2760. doi: 10.1021/acsaem.9b00098
      [42]
      J.H. Wang, C. Cai, Z.J. Zhang, C.L. Li, and R. Liu, Electrospun metal-organic frameworks with polyacrylonitrile as precursors to hierarchical porous carbon and composite nanofibers for adsorption and catalysis, Chemosphere, 239(2020), art. No. 124833. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124833
      [43]
      V. Anh Tran, K.B. Vu, T.T. Thi Vo, et al., Experimental and computational investigation on interaction mechanism of Rhodamine B adsorption and photodegradation by zeolite imidazole frameworks-8, Appl. Surf. Sci., 538(2021), art. No. 148065. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148065
      [44]
      S. Lim, S.H. Yoon, I. Mochida, and D.H. Jung, Direct synthesis and structural analysis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, Langmuir, 25(2009), No. 14, p. 8268. doi: 10.1021/la900472d
      [45]
      Y.L. Wen, X.C. Chen, and E. Mijowska, Insight into the dependence of particle size of ZIF-8 on the performance in nanocarbon-based supercapacitors, Chem. Eur. J., 26(2020), No. 69, p. 16328. doi: 10.1002/chem.202001979
      [46]
      W. Zhang, Z.Y. Wu, H.L. Jiang, and S.H. Yu, Nanowire-directed templating synthesis of metal-organic framework nanofibers and their derived porous doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced electrocatalysis, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136(2014), No. 41, p. 14385. doi: 10.1021/ja5084128
      [47]
      W.J. Si, J. Zhou, S.M. Zhang, S.J. Li, W. Xing, and S.P. Zhuo, Tunable N-doped or dual N,S-doped activated hydrothermal carbons derived from human hair and glucose for supercapacitor applications, Electrochim. Acta, 107(2013), p. 397. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.065
      [48]
      W. Feng, Y. Zhou, H.N. Xing, et al., Hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene as lightweight and high-efficient electromagnetic wave absorbers, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 32(2021), No. 21, p. 26116. doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-06340-4
      [49]
      Z.X. Li, X.H. Li, Y. Zong, et al., Solvothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene decorated by superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and their applications as enhanced synergistic microwave absorbers, Carbon, 115(2017), p. 493. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.01.036
      [50]
      Y. Sun, Y.J. Wang, H.J. Ma, et al., Fe3C nanocrystals encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanofibers as high-efficient microwave absorbers with superior oxidation/corrosion resistance, Carbon, 178(2021), p. 515. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.03.032
      [51]
      J.L. Li, C.Y. Li, S.Q. Feng, et al., Atomically dispersed Zn-Nx sites in N-doped carbon for reductive N-formylation of nitroarenes with formic acid, ChemCatChem, 12(2020), No. 6, p. 1546. doi: 10.1002/cctc.201902109
      [52]
      G. Li, T.S. Xie, S.L. Yang, J.H. Jin, and J.M. Jiang, Microwave absorption enhancement of porous carbon fibers compared with carbon nanofibers, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116(2012), No. 16, p. 9196. doi: 10.1021/jp300050u
      [53]
      T.Q. Hou, Z.R. Jia, S.Q. He, et al., Design and synthesis of NiCo/Co4S3@C hybrid material with tunable and efficient electromagnetic absorption, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 583(2021), p. 321. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.054
      [54]
      J. Feng, Y. Zong, Y. Sun, et al, Optimization of porous FeNi3/N–GN composites with superior microwave absorption performance, Chem. Eng. J., 345(2018), p. 441. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.04.006
      [55]
      Y.J. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. Zong, et al., Carbon nanofibers supported by FeCo nanocrystals as difunctional magnetic/dielectric composites with broadband microwave absorption performance, J. Alloys Compd., 824(2020), art. No. 153980. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.153980
      [56]
      X.H. Li, J. Feng, Y.P. Du, et al., One-pot synthesis of CoFe2O4/graphene oxide hybrids and their conversion into FeCo/graphene hybrids for lightweight and highly efficient microwave absorber, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3(2015), No. 10, p. 5535. doi: 10.1039/C4TA05718J
      [57]
      M. Qin, L.M. Zhang, X.R. Zhao, and H.J. Wu, Lightweight Ni foam-based ultra-broadband electromagnetic wave absorber, Adv. Funct. Mater., 31(2021), No. 30, art. No. 2103436. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202103436
      [58]
      X.L. Cao, Z.R. Jia, D.Q. Hu, and G.L. Wu, Synergistic construction of three-dimensional conductive network and double heterointerface polarization via magnetic FeNi for broadband microwave absorption, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater., 5(2022), No. 2, p. 1030. doi: 10.1007/s42114-021-00415-w
      [59]
      H.P. Wang, Y. Zhou, H.N. Xing, et al., Construction of flower-like core–shell Fe3O4@2H–MoS2 heterostructures: Boosting the interfacial polarization for high-performance microwave absorption, Ceram. Int., 48(2022), No. 7, p. 9918. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.12.196
      [60]
      D.Q. Zhang, H.H. Wang, J.Y. Cheng, et al., Conductive WS2–NS/CNTs hybrids based 3D ultra-thin mesh electromagnetic wave absorbers with excellent absorption performance, Appl. Surf. Sci., 528(2020), art. No. 147052. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147052
      [61]
      Y. Sun, J.W. Zhang, Y. Zong, et al., Crystalline-amorphous permalloy@iron oxide core–shell nanoparticles decorated on graphene as high-efficiency, lightweight, and hydrophobic microwave absorbents, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11(2019), No. 6, p. 6374. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b18875
      [62]
      Y. Sun, B. Zhou, H.P. Wang, et al., Boosting dual-interfacial polarization by decorating hydrophobic graphene with high-crystalline core–shell FeCo@Fe3O4 nanoparticle for improved microwave absorption, Carbon, 186(2022), p. 333. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.10.053
      [63]
      C.H. Sun, Z.R. Jia, S. Xu, et al., Synergistic regulation of dielectric-magnetic dual-loss and triple heterointerface polarization via magnetic MXene for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 113(2022), p. 128. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.11.006
      [64]
      R.W. Shu, X.H. Li, K.H. Tian, and J.J. Shi, Fabrication of bimetallic metal-organic frameworks derived Fe3O4/C decorated graphene composites as high-efficiency and broadband microwave absorbers, Composites Part B, 228(2022), art. No. 109423. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109423

    Catalog


    • /

      返回文章
      返回