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Volume 30 Issue 3
Mar.  2023
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文章导航 >  矿物冶金与材料学报（英文）  > 2023  >  30(3): 474-484
You Zhou, Hongpeng Wang, Dan Wang, Xianfeng Yang, Hongna Xing, Juan Feng, Yan Zong, Xiuhong Zhu, Xinghua Li, and Xinliang Zheng, Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 474-484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2499-z
Cite this article as:
You Zhou, Hongpeng Wang, Dan Wang, Xianfeng Yang, Hongna Xing, Juan Feng, Yan Zong, Xiuhong Zhu, Xinghua Li, and Xinliang Zheng, Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 3, pp. 474-484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2499-z
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研究论文

石墨化与孔隙率对ZIF-8衍生N掺杂多孔碳微波吸收特性的增强机制调控研究

  • 西北大学物理学院光电技术与功能材料国家重点实验室, 西安710127, 中国

  • 通讯作者:

    李兴华    E-mail: xinghua.li@nwu.edu.cn

文章亮点

  • (1)利用ZIF-8作为前驱体，通过改变碳化温度成功制备了不同石墨化程度和孔隙率的多孔N掺杂碳材料。
  • (2)系统研究了材料石墨化程度、孔隙率和N掺杂剂的竞争机制，以及对介电性能和阻抗匹配特性的影响。
  • (3)当炭化温度为1000℃，厚度为1.29 mm时，多孔N掺杂碳材料最小反射损耗在16.95 GHz时可达到−50.57dB，有效吸收带宽为4.17 GHz。
  • 随着无线通信技术的普及，电磁污染等问题日益严重。因此，迫切需要开发高效的微波吸收剂来避免电磁污染。在众多微波吸收剂中，多孔碳基材料由于具有密度低、介电损耗高等优点得到了研究人员的青睐。然而，多孔碳基材料石墨化程度和多孔结构对介电常数的影响以及内在竞争机制目前尚不明确。本文旨在利用Zn的低沸点性质，在不同温度下对ZIF-8 (Zn)进行炭化，制备多孔N掺杂碳，并对其微波吸收性能进行研究。结果表明，多孔N掺杂碳继承了ZIF-8前驱体的高孔隙率。随着炭化温度的升高，Zn和N元素含量降低；石墨化程度提高；比表面积和孔隙率先增大后减小。当炭化温度为1000℃时，多孔N掺杂碳具有最优异的微波吸收性能。当厚度为1.29 mm时，最小反射损耗在16.95 GHz时达到了−50.57 dB，有效吸收带宽为4.17 GHz。微波吸收提高的机理是石墨化和孔隙率以及N掺杂剂的竞争，使其具有较高的介电损耗能力和良好的阻抗匹配。同时，多孔结构延长了微波与多孔碳的接触路径，提高了微波与多孔碳的接触面积，提高了界面极化和改善了材料的阻抗。此外，N掺杂能诱发电子极化和缺陷极化。这些结果为通过调节石墨化和孔隙率来制备轻量化碳基微波吸收剂提供了新的思路。
    • Research Article

    Insight to the enhanced microwave absorption of porous N-doped carbon driven by ZIF-8: Competition between graphitization and porosity

    + Author Affiliations
      Abstract
    • Porous carbon-based materials are promised to be lightweight dielectric microwave absorbents. Deeply understanding the influence of graphitization grade and porous structure on the dielectric parameters is urgently required. Herein, utilizing the low boiling point of Zn, porous N-doped carbon was fabricated by carbonization of ZIF-8 (Zn) at different temperature, and the microwave absorption performance was investigated. The porous N-doped carbon inherits the high porosity of ZIF-8 precursor. By increasing the carbonization temperature, the contents of Zn and N elements are decreased; the graphitization degree is improved; however, the specific surface area and porosity are increased first and then decreased. When the carbonization temperature is 1000°C, the porous N-doped carbon behaves enhanced microwave absorption. With an ultrathin thickness of 1.29 mm, the ideal RL reaches −50.57 dB at 16.95 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth is 4.17 GHz. The mechanism of boosted microwave absorption is ascribed to the competition of graphitization and porosity as well as N dopants, resulting in high dielectric loss capacity and good impedance matching. The porous structure can prolong the pathways and raise the contact opportunity between microwaves and porous carbon, causing multiple scattering, interface polarization, and improved impedance matching. Besides, the N dopants can induce electron polarization and defect polarization. These results give a new insight to construct lightweight carbon-based microwave absorbents by regulating the graphitization and porosity.
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