定向凝固GH4742高温合金中组织、偏析和析出相演变

杨曙磊; 杨树峰; 刘威; 李京社; 高锦国; 王翊

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2549-6

Volume 30 Issue 5

May 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(5): 939-948

Shulei Yang, Shufeng Yang, Wei Liu, Jingshe Li, Jinguo Gao, and Yi Wang, Microstructure, segregation and precipitate evolution in directionally solidified GH4742 superalloy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 939-948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2549-6

Cite this article as:

Shulei Yang, Shufeng Yang, Wei Liu, Jingshe Li, Jinguo Gao, and Yi Wang, Microstructure, segregation and precipitate evolution in directionally solidified GH4742 superalloy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 939-948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2549-6

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研究论文

定向凝固GH4742高温合金中组织、偏析和析出相演变

1)
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083，中国
2)
北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083，中国

通讯作者:
杨树峰 E-mail: yangshufeng@ustb.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 系统地研究了冷却速率对GH4742合金微观组织的影响规律并确定了定量匹配关系

(2) 发现了大跨度的冷速下元素偏析规律并研究了其变化机理

(3) 研究了不同冷却速率下GH4742合金夹杂物、碳化物、γ′相特征演变规律

中文摘要

GH4742高温合金是一种先进的结构材料，广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、核电等领域。真空电弧重熔（VAR）通常作为最终熔炼工序，其凝固组织、元素分布和缺陷直接决定了合金的加工和机械性能。本文以区域定向凝固炉模拟真空自耗炉的定向凝固特征，研究了GH4742高温合金在大跨度的冷却速率下的微观结构、元素偏析和析出的演变规律。基于多种镍基高温合金的统计对比，结果表明，在高冷却速率下，主枝晶间距与G^1/2V^1/4有明显的线性关系，其中G和V是温度梯度和拉速。随着冷却速率的降低，一级枝晶间距以一种分散的方式增加。在所有的冷却速率范围内，二级枝晶臂间距与 (GV)^−0.4明显线性相关。元素偏析的程度随着冷却速率的增加而增加，随后逐渐减少，这是由于溶质反扩散和树枝状结晶尖端过冷之间的竞争造成的。随着凝固速度的增加，γ′、碳化物和非金属夹杂物的尺寸逐渐减小。γ′沉淀物的形态从梅花状变为立方体，再变为球形。碳化物的形态从块状变为细条状，然后变为汉字状。碳化物的形态受树枝状间形状和元素扩散共同控制。夹杂物以复合夹杂物为主，通常表现为Ti(C,N)以氧化物为异质成核中心，碳化物的外表面包裹的三层结构。随着冷却速率的增加，复合夹杂物的数量密度先增加后减少，这与元素偏析行为密切相关。

关键词:

Research Article

Microstructure, segregation and precipitate evolution in directionally solidified GH4742 superalloy

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Abstract

Abstract

The evolution of microstructure, elemental segregation, and precipitation in GH4742 superalloy under a wide range of cooling rates was investigated using zonal melting liquid metal cooling (ZMLMC) experiments. Comparing various nickel-based superalloys, the primary dendrite spacing is significantly linearly correlated with G^−1/2V^−1/4 at high cooling rates, where G and V are temperature gradient and drawing rate, respectively. As the cooling rate decreases, the primary dendrite spacing increases in a dispersive manner. The secondary dendrite arm spacing is significantly correlated with (GV)^−0.4 for all cooling rate ranges. The degree of elemental segregation increases and then decreases as the cooling rate increases, which is due to the competition between solute counter-diffusion and dendrite tip subcooling. With increasing the solidification rate, the size of γ′, carbides, and non-metallic inclusions gradually decreases. The morphology of the γ′ precipitate changes from plume-like to cubic to spherical. The morphology of carbide changes from block to fine-strip then to Chinese-script. The morphology of carbide is controlled by both dendrite interstitial shape and element diffusion. The inclusions are mainly composite inclusions, which usually show the growth of Ti(C,N) with oxide as the heterogeneous nucleation center and carbide on the outer surface of the carbonitride. As the cooling rate increases, the number density of composite inclusions first increases and then decreases, which is closely related to the elemental segregation behavior.
- superalloys;
- microstructure;
- segregation;
- precipitation;
- inclusions

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