球磨时间对Fe–Mn–Al多孔钢显微结构和压缩性能的影响

谢凌志1; 徐志刚; 齐韫哲; 梁金荣; 何鹏; 沈强; 王传彬

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2568-3

Volume 30 Issue 5

May 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(5): 917-929

Lingzhi Xie, Zhigang Xu, Yunzhe Qi, Jinrong Liang, Peng He, Qiang Shen, and Chuanbin Wang, Effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and compressive properties of the Fe–Mn–Al porous steel, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 917-929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2568-3

Cite this article as:

Lingzhi Xie, Zhigang Xu, Yunzhe Qi, Jinrong Liang, Peng He, Qiang Shen, and Chuanbin Wang, Effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and compressive properties of the Fe–Mn–Al porous steel, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 5, pp. 917-929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2568-3

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研究论文

球磨时间对Fe–Mn–Al多孔钢显微结构和压缩性能的影响

1)
武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430070，中国
2)
武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室，武汉 430070，中国
3)
武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院，武汉 430070，中国
4)
武汉第二船舶设计研究院，武汉 430205，中国

通讯作者:
徐志刚 E-mail: zhigangxu@whut.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 利用元素粉末烧结和锰的升华效应制备了高孔隙率的多孔钢。

(2) 揭示了不同球磨时间对粉末形貌特征和粒径变化的影响规律。

(3) 阐明了多孔钢的微观结构和压缩性能随球磨时间的变化规律。

中文摘要

多孔钢具有较高的机械力学性能、优异的能量吸收能力和较强的耐腐蚀性能等诸多结构功能一体化特性，已成为多孔金属材料领域的研究热点。目前，多孔钢的制备多以不锈钢和碳钢为母材,其力学性能受到一定的限制，影响了其结构及功能特性的发挥。与当前广泛采用的上述母材相比，高锰铝高强钢具有更加优异的轻质高强特性，能够显著提升多孔钢的使役性能，已成为一种重要的多孔钢母材。作为一种加工周期短和制备温度低的近净成形方法，粉末冶金能够获得成分可调、孔隙特征可控的多孔金属制品，是一种广泛采用的多孔钢制备技术。粉末细化是改变多孔钢微观结构和提升其力学性能的重要方法，而高能球磨是实现粉末细化的一种重要途径。当前，制备多孔钢的原料粉末多为预合金钢粉末，预合金粉末存在难以实时调整化学成分以及原料制备成本高等突出问题。为此，本文首次提出以Fe、Mn、Al和C等元素粉末替代现有的预合金粉末，经过一定周期的高能球磨后，采用真空烧结两步原位造孔的全新方法成功制备了高孔隙的高锰铝多孔钢。在此基础上，本文重点分析和探讨了球磨时间对混合粉末及其多孔钢的微观结构和压缩性能的影响，为多孔钢的微结构调整和性能优化提供了重要的理论基础。本文的研究结果表明，随着球磨时间的增加，混合粉末的尺寸不断减小，Fe颗粒的形貌逐渐向薄片状转变。在640℃的低温预烧结阶段,样品中的主要相为α-Fe、α-Mn和Al，以及少量的Fe2Al5和Al8Mn5等金属间化合物；当烧结温度升高到1200℃时，样品的表面以α-Fe为主,中心为γ-Fe。此外，研究还发现,随着球磨时间的增加，Mn的升华量逐渐减少，这是引起多孔钢的孔隙率下降的一个重要因素。在压缩性能方面，所制多孔钢宏观裂纹萌生时的应变及其应力都随球磨时间的延长而不断增加。

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Research Article

Effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and compressive properties of the Fe–Mn–Al porous steel

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Abstract

Abstract

In the present work, Fe–Mn–Al–C powder mixtures were manufactured by elemental powders with different ball milling time, and the porous high-Mn and high-Al steel was fabricated by powder sintering. The results indicated that the powder size significantly decreased, and the morphology of the Fe powder tended to be increasingly flat as the milling time increased. However, the prolonged milling duration had limited impact on the phase transition of the powder mixture. The main phases of all the samples sintered at 640°C were α-Fe, α-Mn and Al, and a small amount of Fe₂Al₅ and Al₈Mn₅. When the sintering temperature increased to 1200°C, the phase composition was mainly comprised of γ-Fe and α-Fe. The weight loss fraction of the sintered sample decreased with milling time, i.e., 8.3wt% after 20 h milling compared to 15.3wt% for 10 h. The Mn depletion region (MDR) for the 10, 15, and 20 h milled samples was about 780, 600, and 370 μm, respectively. The total porosity of samples sintered at 640°C decreased from ~46.6vol% for the 10 h milled powder to ~44.2vol% for 20 h milled powder. After sintering at 1200°C, the total porosity of sintered samples prepared by 10 and 20 h milled powder was ~58.3vol% and ~51.3vol%, respectively. The compressive strength and ductility of the 1200°C sintered porous steel increased as the milling time increased.
- powder metallurgy;
- porous steel;
- ball milling time;
- microstructure evolution;
- compressive properties

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