湿法冶金技术实现电炉灰的无害化和回收利用

薛阳; 刘晓明; 徐春保; 韩永辉

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2637-2

Volume 30 Issue 11

Nov. 2023

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(11): 2076-2094

Yang Xue, Xiaoming Liu, Chunbao (Charles) Xu, and Yonghui Han, Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 11, pp. 2076-2094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2637-2

Cite this article as:

Yang Xue, Xiaoming Liu, Chunbao (Charles) Xu, and Yonghui Han, Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 11, pp. 2076-2094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2637-2

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特约综述

湿法冶金技术实现电炉灰的无害化和回收利用

1)
北京科技大学绿色低碳钢铁冶金全国重点实验室，北京 100083，中国
2)
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083，中国
3)
Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
4)
河北科技大学河北省固体废弃物资源化技术创新中心，石家庄 050091，中国

通讯作者:
刘晓明    E-mail: liuxm@ustb.edu.cn

徐春保    E-mail: cxu6@uwo.ca

韩永辉    E-mail: hebeihyh@126.com

文章亮点

(1) 系统地分析了电炉灰的产生过程和重金属在该过程的迁移规律

(2) 深入地剖析了各湿法处置电炉灰技术的反应机理和优缺点

(3) 提出了两种有应用潜力的电炉灰处置新技术

中文摘要

随着我国废钢量的逐步提升，电炉炼钢技术的发展，以及国家环保政策的提倡，我国电炉钢产量逐年递增。《工业领域碳达峰实施方案》要求到2025年和2030年，短流程炼钢在粗钢总产能中的占比要分别达15%和20%以上。电炉炼钢过程中每生产1吨钢约产生10–20kg电炉灰。电炉灰是一种工业有害固体废物，但也是含锌、铁等有价元素的潜在二次资源。近年来，在国家环保政策的提倡下，电炉灰无害化处置和资源化利用的相关湿法冶金技术得到了飞速发展。本文总结了电炉灰的产生机理、成分和特性，并对电炉灰的湿法冶金处理方法，如酸浸法、碱浸法、盐浸法和预处理强化浸出法等进行了深入地剖析和对比。同时阐明了电炉灰中含锌相在酸/碱溶液中和预处理过程中的矿相转变机理。最后，本文提出了两种电炉灰湿法冶金处理新方法，即氧压硫酸浸出并制备复合催化剂，以及电炉灰与城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰协同无害化–碱浸提锌工艺，为EAFD的无害化和高附加值利用提供了新思路。

关键词:

Invited Review

Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust

+ Author Affiliations

1)
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2)
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3)
Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada
4)
Hebei Technology Innovation Centre of Solid Wastes Utilization, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, China

Xiaoming Liu is a youth editorial board member for IJMMM and is not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors confirm that they have no competing interests or financial ties that could influence the outcomes or interpretation of this research.
The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2637-2

Corresponding authors:
Xiaoming Liu    E-mail: liuxm@ustb.edu.cn

Chunbao (Charles) Xu    E-mail: cxu6@uwo.ca

Yonghui Han    E-mail: hebeihyh@126.com
Received: 11 January 2023; Revised: 13 March 2023; Accepted: 29 March 2023; Available online: 30 March 2023

Abstract

Abstract

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals, such as Zn and Fe. Given the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction, energy conservation, and environmental protection, hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of EAFD have been developing rapidly. This work summarizes the generation mechanisms, compositions, and characteristics of EAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for EAFD, e.g., acid leaching, alkaline leaching, salt leaching, and pretreatment–enhanced leaching methods. Simultaneously, the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are expounded. Finally, two novel combined methods, i.e., oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation, and synergistic roasting of EAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching, are proposed, which can provide future development directions to completely recycling EAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.
- hazardous waste;
- recycling;
- separation;
- zinc;
- hydrometallurgical technologies

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References(91)

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Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust

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