镍含量对Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC 复合材料磨损行为的影响

刘晏宇; 贾丽娜; 王文博; 靳祖衡; 张虎

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2701-y

Volume 31 Issue 2

Feb. 2024

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(2): 374-383

Yanyu Liu, Lina Jia, Wenbo Wang, Zuheng Jin, and Hu Zhang, Effect of Ni content on the wear behavior of Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC particles composites, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 2, pp. 374-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2701-y

Cite this article as:

Yanyu Liu, Lina Jia, Wenbo Wang, Zuheng Jin, and Hu Zhang, Effect of Ni content on the wear behavior of Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC particles composites, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 2, pp. 374-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2701-y

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研究论文

镍含量对Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC 复合材料磨损行为的影响

1)
北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100191, 中国
2)
北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院, 宁波 315100, 中国
3)
北京航空航天大学青岛研究院, 青岛 266000, 中国
4)
北京航空航天大学前沿科学技术创新研究院, 北京 100191, 中国

通讯作者:
贾丽娜 E-mail: jialina@buaa.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 系统地研究了Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC 复合材料中由Ni含量引起的析出相演变。

(2) 发现适量Ni元素可以提高Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC 复合材料的摩擦磨损性能，阐明其机理。

(3) 系统地研究了Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC 复合材料常温和350°C高温摩擦磨损机制。

中文摘要

近年来，添加镍(Ni)元素可以提高Al–Si合金力学性能的观点逐渐被人们接受。然而，Ni元素对Al–Si合金和铝基复合材料磨损行为的研究仍然不足，尤其是在高温环境下。本研究采用半固态搅拌铸造方法制备了不同Ni含量的Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/20wt%SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料。通过在25°C和350°C下的滑动试验，研究了镍含量对所制备的复合材料干滑动磨损行为的影响。结果表明，随着Ni含量从0增加到3wt%，微观结构中θ-Al₂Cu相逐渐减少并最终消失，同时伴随着δ-Al₃CuNi相和ε-Al₃Ni相的形成和增加。随着Ni从0增加到2wt%，铸态复合材料的硬度和极限抗拉强度都有所提高，复合材料在25°C的磨损速率从5.29 × 10⁻⁴降低到1.94 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N∙m)，在350°C的磨损速率从20.2 × 10⁻⁴降低到7 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N∙m)。上述性能的提高是由于复合材料中增强的网状结构和存在更多的富镍相所引起的。然而，由于ε-Al₃Ni相容易断裂和脱胶的特点，3Ni复合材料的磨损速率显著增大，大约是2Ni复合材料的2倍。所研究的复合材料在25°C滑动的主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损、分层磨损和氧化磨损，而在350°C的滑动过程中，分层磨损和氧化磨损占主导地位。

关键词:

Research Article

Effect of Ni content on the wear behavior of Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/SiC particles composites

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Abstract

Abstract

In recent years, the addition of Ni has been widely acknowledged to be capable of enhancing the mechanical properties of Al–Si alloys. However, the effect of Ni on the wear behaviors of Al–Si alloys and Al matrix composites, particularly at elevated temperatures, remains an understudied area. In this study, Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Ni/20wt% SiC particles (SiCp) composites with varying Ni contents were prepared by using a semisolid stir casting method. The effect of Ni content on the dry sliding wear behavior of the prepared composites was investigated through sliding tests at 25 and 350°C. Results indicated that the θ-Al₂Cu phase gradually diminished and eventually disappeared as the Ni content increased from 0wt% to 3wt%. This change was accompanied by the formation and increase in δ-Al₃CuNi and ε-Al₃Ni phases in microstructures. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the as-cast composites improved, and the wear rates of the composites decreased from 5.29 × 10⁻⁴ to 1.94 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N∙m) at 25°C and from 20.2 × 10⁻⁴ to 7 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N∙m) at 350°C with the increase in Ni content from 0wt% to 2wt%. The enhancement in performance was due to the presence of strengthening network structures and additional Ni-containing phases in the composites. However, the wear rate of the 3Ni composite was approximately two times higher than that of the 2Ni composite due to the fracture and debonding of the ε-Al₃Ni phase. Abrasive wear, delamination wear, and oxidation wear were the predominant wear mechanisms of the investigated composites at 25°C, whereas delamination wear and oxidation wear were dominant during sliding at 350°C.
- Al matrix composite;
- microstructure;
- sliding test;
- high temperature;
- wear mechanism

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