| Cite this article as: |
Junjie Zhang and Xiang Wu, Dual-ion carrier storage through Mg2+ addition for high-energy and long-life zinc-ion hybrid capacitor, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 1, pp. 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2724-4
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武祥 E-mail: wuxiang05@163.com
锌离子混合电容器（ZHCs）作为新一代锌离子储能系统，由于将电池和超级电容器完美结合，近年来引起了研究者的极大兴趣。然而，其较低的能量密度和循环能力需要进一步提高。因此，构建一种可行的储能系统对提高ZHCs的电化学性能至关重要。本文制备了以活性炭（AC）作阴极，商用锌箔作阳极，硫酸锌做电解液的AC//Zn混合电容器。通过添加不同浓度的硫酸镁调控电解液，并采用显微组织观察、电化学测量和恒电流放电试验研究了电解液中不同Mg2+含量与充放电性能的关系。结果表明，适当的增加Mg2+可以有效地提升电化学性能。加入1 M Mg2+的AC//Zn在1A/g电流密度下，比容量可达82 mAh·g−1，并且在10000圈充放电循环后容量保持率达到91%。 这些优异的性能由于Mg2+的加入展示了一种自我修复的静电屏蔽效应，以抑制阳极表面的锌枝晶和副产物的生成，它还促进了电子的转移，使法拉第氧化还原反应得以进行，从而产生大的比电容。因此，AC//Zn系统由于其优异的充放电性能和循环稳定性，在未来的储能器件中显示出潜在的应用前景。
Cation additives can efficiently enhance the total electrochemical capabilities of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs). However, their energy storage mechanisms in zinc-based systems are still under debate. Herein, we modulate the electrolyte and achieve dual-ion storage by adding magnesium ions. And we assemble several Zn//activated carbon devices with different electrolyte concentrations and investigate their electrochemical reaction dynamic behaviors. The zinc-ion capacitor with Mg2+ mixed solution delivers 82 mAh·g−1 capacity at 1 A·g−1 and maintains 91% of the original capacitance after 10000 cycling. It is superior to the other assembled zinc-ion devices in single-component electrolytes. The finding demonstrates that the double-ion storage mechanism enables the superior rate performance and long cycle lifetime of ZHCs.
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