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Volume 31 Issue 2
Feb.  2024
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文章导航 >  矿物冶金与材料学报（英文）  > 2024  >  31(2): 217-230
Rui Han, Anning Zhou, Ningning Zhang, Kaiqiang Guo, Mengyan Cheng, Heng Chen, and Cuicui Li, Structural properties of residual carbon in coal gasification fine slag and their influence on flotation separation and resource utilization: A review, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 2, pp. 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2753-z
Cite this article as:
Rui Han, Anning Zhou, Ningning Zhang, Kaiqiang Guo, Mengyan Cheng, Heng Chen, and Cuicui Li, Structural properties of residual carbon in coal gasification fine slag and their influence on flotation separation and resource utilization: A review, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 2, pp. 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2753-z
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特约综述

煤气化细渣中残碳结构特性及对浮选分离和资源利用的影响综述

  • 1)

    西安科技大学化学与化工学院, 西安 710054, 中国

  • 2)

    自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室, 西安 710054, 中国


  • 通讯作者:

    周安宁    E-mail: psu564@139.com

    张宁宁    E-mail: ningningzhang@xust.edu.cn

文章亮点

  • （1）总结了煤气化细渣中残炭在孔隙结构、表面官能团、微晶结构等方面的独特性质
  • （2）得出了煤气化细渣中残炭结构特性与气化类型及颗粒大小的相关关系
  • （3）明晰了各结构特性对煤气化细渣中残炭浮选分离的影响规律
  • （4）归纳了基于各结构特性的煤气化细渣中残炭的资源化利用途径
  • 煤气化细渣是煤气化过程中产生的典型固体废弃物，现有堆存和填埋的处理方式已造成严重的地质和生态危害；气化残炭的分离回收和高值化利用是实现煤化工产业经济效益和环境效益“双赢”的关键。相比于粉煤灰、煤矸石等煤基固废，煤气化细渣具有独特的孔结构、表面官能团结构和微晶结构。这些独特的结构性质不仅是煤气化细渣资源化应用的基础，同时也是影响残炭浮选回收效率的关键因素。本文在全面梳理煤气化细渣残炭孔结构、表面官能团和微晶结构等特性的基础上，深入剖析了特殊结构形成原因及其与气化类型和颗粒大小的相关关系，总结归纳了各结构特性对煤气化细渣中残炭浮选分离和资源化应用的影响规律。同时对未来相关研究进行了展望，针对气化细渣中残炭的多孔结构提出，超声波预处理–孔隙阻塞浮选、孔隙破碎–絮凝浮选等适配性技术有望解决残炭浮选回收率低的瓶颈问题；根据残炭的表面官能团和微晶结构提出，含极性基团捕收剂的靶向设计有望解决煤气化细渣浮选药耗高的现实难题。在煤气化细渣的资源化利用方面提出，应以残炭的物理化学结构特性为切入点，对其特殊结构进行放大和极致利用，进而建立气化细渣独特的绿色高值化利用体系。本综述对于全面认识煤气化细渣中残炭的结构特性，突破煤气化细渣高效浮选分离的技术瓶颈，拓展煤气化细渣的高附加值利用领域具有重要意义。
    • Invited Review

    Structural properties of residual carbon in coal gasification fine slag and their influence on flotation separation and resource utilization: A review

    + Author Affiliations
      Abstract
    • Coal gasification fine slag (FS) is a typical solid waste generated in coal gasification. Its current disposal methods of stockpiling and landfilling have caused serious soil and ecological hazards. Separation recovery and the high-value utilization of residual carbon (RC) in FS are the keys to realizing the win-win situation of the coal chemical industry in terms of economic and environmental benefits. The structural properties, such as pore, surface functional group, and microcrystalline structures, of RC in FS (FS-RC) not only affect the flotation recovery efficiency of FS-RC but also form the basis for the high-value utilization of FS-RC. In this paper, the characteristics of FS-RC in terms of pore structure, surface functional groups, and microcrystalline structure are sorted out in accordance with gasification type and FS particle size. The reasons for the formation of the special structural properties of FS-RC are analyzed, and their influence on the flotation separation and high-value utilization of FS-RC is summarized. Separation methods based on the pore structural characteristics of FS-RC, such as ultrasonic pretreatment–pore-blocking flotation and pore breaking–flocculation flotation, are proposed to be the key development technologies for improving FS-RC recovery in the future. The design of low-cost, low-dose collectors containing polar bonds based on the surface and microcrystalline structures of FS-RC is proposed to be an important breakthrough point for strengthening the flotation efficiency of FS-RC in the future. The high-value utilization of FS should be based on the physicochemical structural properties of FS-RC and should focus on the environmental impact of hazardous elements and the recyclability of chemical waste liquid to establish an environmentally friendly utilization method. This review is of great theoretical importance for the comprehensive understanding of the unique structural properties of FS-RC, the breakthrough of the technological bottleneck in the efficient flotation separation of FS, and the expansion of the field of the high value-added utilization of FS-RC.
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