铝合金预强化成形工艺中Al–Cu合金的微观组织和力学性能稳定性研究

唐丽平; 魏鹏飞; 胡志力; 庞秋

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2758-7

Volume 31 Issue 3

Mar. 2024

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(3): 539-551

Liping Tang, Pengfei Wei, Zhili Hu, and Qiu Pang, Microstructure and mechanical properties stability of pre-hardening treatment in Al–Cu alloys for pre-hardening forming process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 3, pp. 539-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2758-7

Cite this article as:

Liping Tang, Pengfei Wei, Zhili Hu, and Qiu Pang, Microstructure and mechanical properties stability of pre-hardening treatment in Al–Cu alloys for pre-hardening forming process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 3, pp. 539-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2758-7

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研究论文

铝合金预强化成形工艺中Al–Cu合金的微观组织和力学性能稳定性研究

1)
湖北隆中实验室, 襄阳 441000, 中国
2)
武汉理工大学汽车工程学院, 现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430070, 中国
3)
武汉理工大学, 材料绿色精密成形技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心, 武汉 430070, 中国
4)
武汉科技大学机械自动化学院, 冶金装备及其控制省部共建教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430081, 中国

通讯作者:
胡志力 E-mail: zhilihuhit@163.com

庞秋 E-mail: pqiuhit@126.com

文章亮点

(1) PHF处理的Al–Cu合金表现出稳定的力学性能：室温存储1个月后抗拉强度偏差为1%、屈服强度偏差为2%，杯突值偏差为1%。

(2) 在PHF过程中引入48–720小时的自然时效处理，板材屈服强度虽然提升了20 MPa，但延伸率仍保持不变，板材强韧性在48–720小时自然时效处理期间保持稳定。

(3) PHF过程中引入的自然时效促进了部分GP(II) → θ''，θ''相的形成抑制了GP区的成核和生长，板材的强韧性保持稳定。

中文摘要

预强化成形工艺（Pre-hardening Forming, PHF）中预强化板材的微观组织和力学性能的室温存储稳定性直接决定了构件的成形质量，也是工程批量应用的关键。通过DSC、TEM和SAXS研究预强化板材的微观组织稳定性，通过单轴拉伸试验和板料成形试验分析其力学性能和成形性。研究发现PHF板材经1个月室温存储（自然时效处理）力学性能稳定：极限抗拉强度（UTS）、屈服强度（YS）和板材成形性（埃里克森值）的偏差均小于2%。在PHF过程中对板材进行48–720小时的自然时效处理，有趣的是，自然时效对板材实现了20 MPa的屈服强度增长，而延伸率保持不变。PHF过程中的自然时效处理对板材的强韧性有一定的促进作用，这种有限的促进作用主要归因于预强化处理的早期阶段只有部分的团簇转化为GP区，随着析出相的析出演变θ''相的形成抑制了GP区的成核和生长。

关键词:

Research Article

Microstructure and mechanical properties stability of pre-hardening treatment in Al–Cu alloys for pre-hardening forming process

+ Author Affiliations

1)
Hubei Longzhong laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
2)
Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
3)
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Green & Precision Material Forming, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
4)
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Machinery and Automation, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Corresponding authors:
Zhili Hu E-mail: zhilihuhit@163.com

Qiu Pang E-mail: pqiuhit@126.com
Received: 30 June 2023; Revised: 6 October 2023; Accepted: 9 October 2023; Available online: 12 October 2023

Abstract

Abstract

The stability of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the pre-hardened sheets during the pre-hardening forming (PHF) process directly determines the quality of the formed components. The microstructure stability of the pre-hardened sheets was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), while the mechanical properties and formability were analyzed through uniaxial tensile tests and formability tests. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the pre-hardened alloys exhibited negligible changes after experiencing 1-month natural aging (NA). The deviations of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and sheet formability (Erichsen value) are all less than 2%. Also, after different NA time (from 48 h to 1 month) is applied to alloys before pre-hardening treatment, the pre-hardened alloys possess stable microstructure and mechanical properties as well. Interestingly, with the extension of NA time before pre-hardening treatment from 48 h to 1 month, the contribution of NA to the pre-hardening treatment is limited. Only a yield strength increment of 20 MPa is achieved, with no loss in elongation. The limited enhancement is mainly attributed to the fact that only a limited number of clusters are transformed into Guinier-Preston (GP) zones at the early stage of pre-hardening treatment, and the formation of θ'' phase inhibits the nucleation and growth of GP zones as the precipitated phase evolves.
- Al–Cu alloy;
- pre-hardened alloy;
- natural aging;
- mechanical properties;
- microstructure

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