The relationship between the microstructures and unique behavior in high-entropy alloys

High-entropy alloys (HEAs), introduced as a pioneering concept in 2004, captured the keen interest of numerous researchers. Entropy, in this context, can be perceived as representing disorder and randomness, while the elemental compositions within the alloy system occupy specific structural sites in space, a concept referred to as structure. According to Shannon entropy, this structure is analogous to information. Generally, the arrangement of atoms within a material, termed its structure, plays a pivotal role in dictating its properties. In addition to expanding the array of options for alloy composites, HEAs also afford ample opportunities for diverse structural designs. Numerous examples underscore the profound influence of distinct structural features on exceptional behaviors of alloys, including remarkably high fracture strength with excellent ductility, antiballistic capability, exceptional radiation resistance, and corrosion resistance etc. In this paper, we delve into various unique material structures and properties, while also elucidating the intricate relationship between structure and performance.