孔雀石梯级活化浮选机制及增强表面活性机理研究

丰奇成; 鲁万铭; 王涵; 张谦

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2793-4

Volume 31 Issue 10

Oct. 2024

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(10): 2159-2172

Qicheng Feng, Wanming Lu, Han Wang, and Qian Zhang, Mechanistic insights into stepwise activation of malachite for enhancing surface reactivity and flotation performance, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 10, pp. 2159-2172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2793-4

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Qicheng Feng, Wanming Lu, Han Wang, and Qian Zhang, Mechanistic insights into stepwise activation of malachite for enhancing surface reactivity and flotation performance, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 10, pp. 2159-2172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2793-4

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研究论文

孔雀石梯级活化浮选机制及增强表面活性机理研究

1)
复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室, 昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 昆明 650093, 中国
2)
云南战略矿产资源绿色分离富集重点实验室, 昆明 650093, 中国

通讯作者:
王涵 E-mail: wanghankmust@126.com

张谦 E-mail: zqian9865@163.com

文章亮点

(1) 采用铜离子梯级活化法可有效提高孔雀石的浮选回收率

(2) 在梯级活化体系中矿物表面活性较高的Cu-S物种占比增加说明了矿物硫化效果明显增强

(3) 矿物表面的Cu位点增加可提高矿物表面反应活性并为黄原酸根离子提供了更稳定地吸附环境

中文摘要

孔雀石是一种常见的氧化铜矿物，在生产中通常使用硫化-黄药浮选法进行富集。目前，通过直接硫化的方法往往较难获得合格的铜精矿产品。因此，本项研究开发一种新的硫化浮选工艺，以提高孔雀石的浮选回收率。在本研究中，使用铜离子用作为活化剂，并与样品表面相互作用，增加矿物表面的反应位点，从而增强矿物的硫化过程和反应活性。与单一铜离子活化相比，采用铜离子梯级活化法孔雀石的浮选效果显著提高。Zeta电位、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、飞行时间二次离子质谱（ToF–SIMS）、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪（SEM–EDS）以及原子力显微镜（AFM）分析结果表明，经过铜离子梯级活化后，由于活性Cu位点的增加，S物种在矿物表面的吸附显著增强。同时，活性较高的Cu–S物种的比例也有所增加，进一步改善了样品表面与后续捕收剂之间的反应活性。红外光谱（FT-IR）和接触角测试表明，铜离子梯级活化后，黄原酸根离子更加容易且稳定地吸附在矿物表面，从而提高了矿物表面的疏水性。因此，铜离子梯级活化后孔雀石表面的铜位点提高了矿物表面的反应性，进而提高了孔雀石硫化浮选的回收效果。

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Research Article

Mechanistic insights into stepwise activation of malachite for enhancing surface reactivity and flotation performance

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Abstract

Abstract

Malachite is a common copper oxide mineral that is often enriched using the sulfidization–xanthate flotation method. Currently, the direct sulfidization method cannot yield copper concentrate products. Therefore, a new sulfidization flotation process was developed to promote the efficient recovery of malachite. In this study, Cu²⁺ was used as an activator to interact with the sample surface and increase its reaction sites, thereby strengthening the mineral sulfidization process and reactivity. Compared to single copper ion activation, the flotation effect of malachite significantly increased after stepwise Cu²⁺ activation. Zeta potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF–SIMS), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis results indicated that the adsorption of S species was significantly enhanced on the mineral surface due to the increase in active Cu sites after Cu²⁺ stepwise activation. Meanwhile, the proportion of active Cu–S species also increased, further improving the reaction between the sample surface and subsequent collectors. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and contact angle tests implied that the xanthate species were easily and stably adsorbed onto the mineral surface after Cu²⁺ stepwise activation, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface. Therefore, the copper sites on the malachite surface after Cu²⁺ stepwise activation promote the reactivity of the mineral surface and enhance sulfidization flotation of malachite.
- malachite;
- copper ions;
- stepwise activation;
- flotation mechanism;
- enhanced sulfidization

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