添加Cr和Si元素对热成形钢力学性能和抗氧化性能的影响

朱蓉; 杨永刚; 张保忠; 张博睿; 李雷; 吴彦欣; 米振莉

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2796-1

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Aug. 2024

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(8): 1865-1875

Rong Zhu, Yonggang Yang, Baozhong Zhang, Borui Zhang, Lei Li, Yanxin Wu, and Zhenli Mi, Improving mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation of press hardened steel by adding Cr and Si, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 8, pp. 1865-1875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2796-1

Cite this article as:

Rong Zhu, Yonggang Yang, Baozhong Zhang, Borui Zhang, Lei Li, Yanxin Wu, and Zhenli Mi, Improving mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation of press hardened steel by adding Cr and Si, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 8, pp. 1865-1875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2796-1

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研究论文

添加Cr和Si元素对热成形钢力学性能和抗氧化性能的影响

1)
北京科技大学高效轧制与智能制造国家工程研究中心, 北京 102206, 中国
2)
宁波钢铁有限公司制造管理部, 宁波 315800, 中国
3)
湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司, 娄底 417009, 中国

通讯作者:
吴彦欣 E-mail: zhenli_mi@163.com

米振莉 E-mail: wuyanxin@ustb.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 阐明了Cr和Si含量的提高对热成形钢组织及力学性能的影响。

(2) 系统地研究了Cr和Si含量的提高对热成形钢氧化层结构的影响规律。

(3) 揭示了兼顾力学性能及抗氧化性能热成形钢的高温氧化机理。

中文摘要

热成形钢因其超高强度、高尺寸精度和低回弹等优点，被广泛应用在车身结构件上。然而，热成形钢在热冲压成形的转移过程中会出现表面氧化的问题，虽然通过Al–Si涂层和Zn基镀层可以减少氧化，但是存在降低弯曲断裂应变、高成本和液态金属脆化开裂等问题。本文在传统22MnB5钢的成分基础上添加Cr和Si元素，保证力学性能满足要求的前提下，实现热成形钢抗高温氧化性能的大幅提升。借助拉伸试验机研究Cr–Si合金热成形钢和22MnB5钢在热成形后的力学性能，并通过扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对两种热成形钢的表面氧化层形貌、相组成和截面氧化层形貌进行探究。结果表明，Cr–Si合金热成形钢的组织由板条马氏体、M₂₃C₆碳化物和残余奥氏体组成。残余奥氏体和碳化物是热成形钢延伸率提高的原因。此外，在930°C氧化5 min后，Cr–Si合金热成形钢的氧化层厚度小于5 μm，远低于22MnB5的氧化层厚度（约45.50 μm）。Cr–Si合金热成形钢的氧化层由Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄、FeCr₂O₄和Fe₂SiO₄的混合尖晶石氧化层、无定形SiO₂组成。添加Cr和Si元素可以显著减少氧化层的厚度，并防止FeO相的生成。内氧化层中FeCr₂O₄和Fe₂SiO₄尖晶石氧化层占比的提高和靠近基体的无定形SiO₂的生成有利于Cr–Si合金热成形钢抗氧化性能的提升。

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Research Article

Improving mechanical properties and high-temperature oxidation of press hardened steel by adding Cr and Si

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Abstract

Abstract

This work investigated the effect of Cr and Si on the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of press hardened steel. Results indicated that the microstructure of the Cr–Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel consisted of lath martensite, M₂₃C₆ carbides, and retained austenite. The retained austenite and carbides are responsible for the increase in elongation of the micro-alloyed steel. In addition, after oxidation at 930°C for 5 min, the thickness of the oxide scales on the Cr–Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel is less than 5 μm, much thinner than 45.50 μm-thick oxide scales on 22MnB5. The oxide scales of the Cr–Si micro-alloyed steel are composed of Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, mixed spinel oxide (FeCr₂O₄ and Fe₂SiO₄), and amorphous SiO₂. Adding Cr and Si significantly reduces the thickness of the oxide scales and prevents the generation of the FeO phase. Due to the increase of spinel FeCr₂O₄ and Fe₂SiO₄ phase in the inner oxide scale and the amorphous SiO₂ close to the substrate, the oxidation resistance of the Cr–Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel is improved.
- Cr–Si micro-alloyed press hardened steel;
- mechanical properties;
- oxidation resistance;
- amorphous SiO₂

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