In-situ Deposition and Comparative Study of Electromagnetic Absorption Performance of Mxene (Ti3C2Tx) @ Nano-FeCoNi Composite Materials with Different Compositions

To effectively investigate the impact of composite relationship of Mxene (Ti3C2Tx) and nano-FeCoNi magnetic particles on the electromagnetic absorption properties of composite, three sets of Mxene (Ti3C2Tx)@nano-FeCoNi composite materials with Mxene content of 15mg, 45mg, and 90mg were prepared with in-situ liquid phase deposition. The microstructure, static magnetic properties, and electromagnetic absorption performance of these composites were studied. The results indicate that the Mxene@nano-FeCoNi composite material was primarily composed of face-centered cubic crystal structure particles and Mxene, with spherical FeCoNi particles uniformly distributed on the surface of the multilayered Mxene. The average particle size of the alloy particles was approximately 100 nanometers, exhibiting good dispersion without noticeable particle aggregation. With the increase of Mxene content, the specific saturation magnetic and coercivity of the composite initially decrease and then increase, displaying typical soft magnetic properties. In comparison with FeCoNi magnetic alloy particles, the addition of Mxene causes an increasing trend in the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant of the composite, while the real and imaginary parts of the magnetic permeability exhibit a decreasing trend. The inclusion of Mxene enhances the dielectric loss but reduces the magnetic loss. Additionally, the dielectric loss and magnetic loss performance of the composite material do not show a linear function relationship with the addition of Mxene. Both the FeCoNi magnetic alloy particles and the Mxene@FeCoNi composite material exhibit polarization relaxation loss, and it was found that eddy current loss was not the main mechanism of magnetic loss. The material attenuation constant increases with the addition of Mxene, while the impedance matching decreases. Moreover, the maximum reflection loss increases and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth decreases with the addition of Mxene. When the Mxene addition was 90mg, the composite material exhibits a maximum reflection loss |RLmax| of 46.9dB with sample thickness of 1.1mm, and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 3.60GHz with sample thickness of 1.0mm. The effective absorption bandwidth of the composite material shows a decreasing trend with the corresponding sample thickness as the Mxene addition increases, reducing by 50% from 1.5mm without Mxene addition to 1mm with 90mg Mxene addition. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing absorption coating thickness and weight.