氧含量在钛粉和金属注射成形中的变化

沈峻平; 刘畅; Muhammad Dilawer Hayat; 陈佳男; 田汉清; 辛富生; 陈刚; Fei Yang; 秦明礼; 曲选辉

doi:10.1007/s12613-024-2970-0

Volume 31 Issue 12

Dec. 2024

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(12): 2706-2713

Junping Shen, Chang Liu, Muhammad Dilawer Hayat, Jianan Chen, Hanqing Tian, Fusheng Xin, Gang Chen, Fei Yang, Mingli Qin, and Xuanhui Qu, Oxygen variation in titanium powder and metal injection molding, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 12, pp. 2706-2713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2970-0

Cite this article as:

Junping Shen, Chang Liu, Muhammad Dilawer Hayat, Jianan Chen, Hanqing Tian, Fusheng Xin, Gang Chen, Fei Yang, Mingli Qin, and Xuanhui Qu, Oxygen variation in titanium powder and metal injection molding, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 12, pp. 2706-2713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2970-0

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研究论文

氧含量在钛粉和金属注射成形中的变化

1)
北京科技大学新材料技术研究院, 北京材料基因工程高精尖创新中心, 北京 100083, 中国
2)
School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand
3)
辽宁省材料实验室, 材料智能技术研究所, 沈阳 110004, 中国
4)
现代交通金属材料与加工技术北京实验室, 北京 100083, 中国
5)
宁波钛钽先进材料技术有限公司, 宁波 315012, 中国

* 共同第一作者

通讯作者:
陈刚 E-mail: gche098@ustb.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 氧化膜的厚度和成分导致了HDH钛粉的颜色变化。

(2) 在MIM过程中提出了一种通过氧化层厚度检测粉末氧化程度的新路线。

(3) 确定了MIM过程中氧含量增加的主要因素（烧结参数）。

中文摘要

粉末冶金中氧含量的控制对于粉末冶金工艺（如金属注射成形（MIM））成形高性能钛（Ti）零件至关重要。由于Ti和Ti–6Al–4V是工业中最具代表性的钛材料，本研究选择了Ti和Ti–6Al–4V粉末作为原料。我们对氢化脱氢（HDH）钛粉进行预氧化处理，以研究氧含量变化与粉末颗粒表面氧化层之间的关系，并发现氧含量与颜色之间存在明显的相关性。结果表明，随着氧含量的增加，HDH钛粉末表面氧化层的厚度和钛的氧化物含量增加，导致颜色从灰色逐渐过渡到棕色和蓝色。本研究有助于在粉末冶金的初始阶段选择合适的粉末原料。此外，我们还全面研究了使用气雾化（GA）Ti–6Al–4V粉末在注射成形工艺过程中氧含量的变化，具体考察了捏合、注射、脱脂过程中粉末氧含量的变化，以及烧结后成形件氧含量的变化。结果表明，氧含量的变化主要发生在烧结阶段，且随着烧结温度的升高而增加。注射成形工艺中氧含量的变化进一步表明，粉末原料的选择和烧结参数的调控在控氧中具有决定性作用。本研究为粉末冶金钛及其合金工业中的氧含量控制提供了宝贵的参考。

关键词:

Research Article

Oxygen variation in titanium powder and metal injection molding

+ Author Affiliations

1)
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2)
School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand
3)
Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110004, China
4)
Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation, Beijing 100083, China
5)
Ningbo Titan Advanced Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315012, China

Xuanhui Qu is an editorial board member for this journal and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Corresponding author:
Gang Chen E-mail: gche098@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 21 April 2024; Revised: 30 June 2024; Accepted: 3 July 2024; Available online: 5 July 2024

Abstract

Abstract

The control of oxygen is paramount in achieving high-performance titanium (Ti) parts by powder metallurgy such as metal injection molding (MIM). In this study, we purposely selected the Ti and Ti–6Al–4V powders as the reference materials since these two are the most representative Ti materials in the industry. Herein, hydride–dehydride (HDH) Ti powders were pre-oxidized to examine the effect of oxygen variation on the characteristics of oxide layer on the particle surface and its resultant color feature. The results indicate that the thickness and Ti oxide level (Ti⁰ → Ti⁴⁺) of the oxide layer on the HDH Ti powders increased as the oxygen content increased, leading to the transition of color appearance from grey, brown to blue. This work aids in the powder feedstock selection at the initial stage in powder metallurgy. In addition, the development of oxygen content was comprehensively studied during the MIM process using the gas-atomized (GA) Ti–6Al–4V powders. Particularly, the oxygen variation in the form of oxide layer, the change of oxygen content in the powders, and the relevant parts were investigated during the processes of kneading, injection, debinding, and sintering. The oxygen variation was mainly concentrated in the sintering stage, and the content increased with the increase of sintering temperature. The variation of oxygen content during the MIM process demonstrates the crucial role of powder feedstock and sintering stage in controlling oxygen content. This work provides a piece of valuable information on oxygen detecting, control, and manipulation for the powder and processing in the industry of Ti and its alloys by powder metallurgy.
- titanium alloys;
- oxygen;
- metal injection molding;
- powder metallurgy

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