Hai-hong Li, Xue-qin Sun, Shang-zhou Zhang, Qin-yi Zhao, and Guang-zhen Wang, Application of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 22(2015), No. 5, pp.453-459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-015-1093-z
Cite this article as:
Hai-hong Li, Xue-qin Sun, Shang-zhou Zhang, Qin-yi Zhao, and Guang-zhen Wang, Application of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 22(2015), No. 5, pp.453-459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-015-1093-z
Hai-hong Li, Xue-qin Sun, Shang-zhou Zhang, Qin-yi Zhao, and Guang-zhen Wang, Application of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 22(2015), No. 5, pp.453-459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-015-1093-z
Cite this article as:
Hai-hong Li, Xue-qin Sun, Shang-zhou Zhang, Qin-yi Zhao, and Guang-zhen Wang, Application of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 22(2015), No. 5, pp.453-459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-015-1093-z
School of Environment and Materials Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
Funds:
This research was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. ZR2014JL031) and by the Undergraduate Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the School of Environment and Materials Engineering, Yantai University.
Received:
14 April 2014;
Revised:
09 December 2014;
Accepted:
20 December 2014;
Available Online:
09 June 2021
The effects of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper were investigated in this paper. The composition, microstructures, and corrosion resistance properties of impure copper before and after refinement with Y were investigated using direct-reading spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The results show that the concentrations of impurities S, As, Sb, Bi, Al, Cd, and Se are remarkably decreased. Adding an appropriate amount of Y refines the microstructure and enhances the corrosion resistance properties of impure copper in HCl solution via a purification effect. The formation enthalpies of compounds formed between Y and various impurity elements were calculated on the basis of Miedema's theory. The thermodynamic mechanisms of the refinement of impure copper by Y were also discussed