Preparation of nano-TiO<sub>2</sub>/diatomite-based porous ceramics and their photocatalytic kinetics for formaldehyde degradation

Ru-qin Gao; Qian Sun; Zhi Fang; Guo-ting Li; Meng-zhe Jia; Xin-mei Hou

doi:10.1007/s12613-018-1548-0

Volume 25 Issue 1

Jan. 2018

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2018 > 25(1): 73-79

Ru-qin Gao, Qian Sun, Zhi Fang, Guo-ting Li, Meng-zhe Jia, and Xin-mei Hou, Preparation of nano-TiO₂/diatomite-based porous ceramics and their photocatalytic kinetics for formaldehyde degradation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 25(2018), No. 1, pp. 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1548-0

Cite this article as:

Ru-qin Gao, Qian Sun, Zhi Fang, Guo-ting Li, Meng-zhe Jia, and Xin-mei Hou, Preparation of nano-TiO2/diatomite-based porous ceramics and their photocatalytic kinetics for formaldehyde degradation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 25(2018), No. 1, pp. 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1548-0

Citation:

PDF( 1282 KB)

Research Article

Preparation of nano-TiO₂/diatomite-based porous ceramics and their photocatalytic kinetics for formaldehyde degradation

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding authors:
Ru-qin Gao

Xin-mei Hou E-mail: houxinmeiustb@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 24 May 2017; Revised: 11 July 2017; Accepted: 17 July 2017

Abstract

Abstract

Diatomite-based porous ceramics were adopted as carriers to immobilize nano-TiO₂ via a hydrolysis-deposition technique. The thermal degradation of as-prepared composites was investigated using thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and the phase and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the carriers were encapsulated by nano-TiO₂ with a thickness of 300-450 nm. The main crystalline phase of TiO₂ calcined at 650℃ was anatase, and the average grain size was 8.3 nm. The FT-IR absorption bands at 955.38 cm^-1 suggested that new chemical bonds among Ti, O, and Si had formed in the composites. The photocatalytic (PC) activity of the composites was investigated under UV irradiation. Furthermore, the photodegradation kinetics of formaldehyde was investigated using the composites as the cores of an air cleaner. A kinetics study showed that the reaction rate constants of the gas-phase PC reaction of formaldehyde were κ=0.576 mg·m^-3·min^-1 and K=0.048 m³.
- nano titanium dioxide/diatomite;
- porous ceramics;
- hydrolysis precipitation;
- photocatalytic activity;
- kinetic equation;
- formaldehyde degradation

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(33)

References

[1]	A. Fujishima, Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode, Nature, 238(1972), No. 5358, p. 37.
[2]	T.L. Thompson and J.T. Yates, Surface science studies of the photoactivation of TiO₂-new photochemical processes, Chem. Rev., 106(2006), No. 10, p. 4428.
[3]	C.H. Ao, S.C. Lee, Y.Z. Yu, and J.H. Xu, Photodegradation of formaldehyde by photocatalyst TiO₂:effects on the presences of NO, SO₂ and VOCs, Appl. Catal. B, 54(2004), No. 1, p. 41.
[4]	Y.B. Xie and C.W. Yuan, Photocatalytic activity and recycle application of titanium dioxide sol for X-3B photodegradation, J. Mol. Catal. A, 206(2003), No. 1-2, p. 419.
[5]	N. Uekawa, M. Suzuki, T. Ohmia, F. Mori, Y.J. Wu, and K. Kakegawa, Synthesis of rutile and anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles from Ti-peroxy compound aqueous solution with polyols, J. Mater. Res., 18(2003), No. 4, p. 797.
[6]	H. Choi, E. Stathatos, and D.D. Dionysiou, Synthesis of nanocrystalline photocatalytic TiO₂ thin films and particles using sol-gel method modified with nonionic surfactants, Thin Solid Films, 510(2006), No. 1-2, p. 107.
[7]	A. López, D. Acosta, A.I. Martínez, and J. Santiago, Nanostructured low crystallized titanium dioxide thin films with good photocatalytic activity, Powder Technol., 202(2010), No. 1-3, p. 111.
[8]	X.Z. Li, H. Liu, L.F. Cheng, and H.J. Tong, Photocatalytic oxidation using a new catalyst TiO₂ microspheres for water and wastewater treatment, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37(2003), No. 17, p. 3989.
[9]	Q. Sun, H. Li, S.L. Zheng, and Z.M. Sun, Characterizations of nano-TiO₂/diatomite composites and their photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr (VI), Appl. Surf. Sci., 311(2014), p. 369.
[10]	S. Swati, S. Kumar, A. Umar, A. Kaur, S.K. Mehta, and S.K. Kansal, TiO₂ quantum dots for the photocatalyitc degradation of indigo carmine dye, J. Alloys Compd., 650(2015), p. 193.
[11]	H. Lee, M.Y. Song, J. Jurng, and Y.K. Park, The synthesis and coating process of TiO₂ nanoparticles using CVD process, Powder Technol., 214(2011), No. 1, p. 64.
[12]	R.Q. Gao and X.M. Hou, Preparation and photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/medical stone-based porous ceramics, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 20(2013), No. 6, p. 593.
[13]	S. Qiu, S.W. Xu, F. Ma, and J.X. Yang, The photocatalytic efficiency of the metal doped TiO₂ with ceramic foam as catalyst carriers, Powder Technol., 210(2011), No. 2, p. 83.
[14]	J.G. Wang, B. He, and X.Z. Kong, A study on the preparation of floating photocatalyst supported by hollow TiO₂ and its performance, Appl. Surf. Sci., 327(2015), p. 406.
[15]	T. Georgakopoulos, N. Todorova, K. Pomoni, and C. Trapalis, On the transient photoconductivity behavior of sol-gel TiO₂/ZnO composite thin films, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 410(2015), p. 135.
[16]	E.P. Reddy, L. Davydov, and P. Smirniotis, TiO₂-loaded zeolites and mesoporous materials in the sonophotocatalytic decomposition of aqueous organic pollutants:the role of the support, Appl. Catal. B, 42(2003), No. 1, p. 1.
[17]	S.Y. Lu, Q.L. Wang, A.G. Buekens, J.H. Yan, X.D. Li, and K.F. Cen, Photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous 1, 2-dichlorobenzene on TiO₂ films:effect of ozone addition, Chem. Eng. J., 195-196(2012), p. 233.
[18]	B. Wang, G.X. Zhang, X. Leng, Z.M. Sun, and S.L. Zeng, Characterization and improved solar light activity of vanadium doped TiO₂/diatomite hybrid catalysts, J. Hazard. Mater., 285(2015), p. 212.
[19]	A. Šaponjić, M. Stanković, J. Majstorović, B. Matović, S. Ilić, A. Egelja, and M. Kokunešoski, Porous ceramic monoliths based on diatomite, Ceram. Int., 41(2015), No. 8, p. 9745.
[20]	W.W. Yuan, P. Yuan, D. Liu, W.B. Yu, L.L. Deng, and F. Chen, Novel hierarchically porous nanocomposites of diatomite-based ceramic monoliths coated with silicalite-1 nanoparticles for benzene adsorption, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 206(2015), p. 184.
[21]	R.R. Bacsa and J. Kiwi, Effect of rutile phase on the photocatalytic properties of nanocrystalline titania during the degradation of p-coumaric acid, Appl. Catal. B, 16(1998), No. 1, p. 19.
[22]	Q. Sun, H. Li, B.J. Niu, X.L. Hu, C.H. Xu, and S.L. Zeng, Nano-TiO₂ immobilized on diatomite:characterization and photocatalytic reactivity for Cu²⁺ removal from aqueous solution, Procedia Eng., 102(2015), p. 1935.
[23]	M.Z.C. Hu, M.T. Harris, and C.H. Byers, Nucleation and growth for synthesis of nanometric zirconia particles by forced hydrolysis, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 198(1998), No. 1, p. 87.
[24]	C. Yao, F.Q. Wu, X.P. Lin, X.J. Yang, and L.D. Lu, Study on nanosized TiO₂ coated by silica in ultrasonic field, Chin. J. Inorg. Chem., 21(2005), No. 1, p. 59.
[25]	R.I. Bickley, T Gonzalez-Carreno, J.S. Lees, L. Palmisano, and R.J. Tilley, A structural investigation of titanium dioxide photocatalysts, J. Solid State Chem., 92(1991), No. 1, p. 178.
[26]	H. Zhang, J.H. Chen, H.B. Chen, and C.J. Lin, Foaming of mixed phase nano-TiO₂ and its effect on photocatasis, J. Mol. Catal. (China), 20(2006), p. 249.
[27]	H. Einaga, J. Tokura, Y. Teraoka, and K. Ito, Kinetic analysis of TiO₂-catalyzed heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of ethylene using computational fluid dynamics, Chem. Eng. J., 263(2015), p. 325.
[28]	S.K. Wilkinson, I. McManus, H. Daly, J.M. Thompson, C. Hardacre, N. Sedaie Bonab, J. Ten Dam, M.J.H. Simmons, C.D'Agostino, J. McGregor, L.F. Gladden, and E.H. Stitt, A kinetic analysis methodology to elucidate the roles of metal, support and solvent for the hydrogenation of 4-phenyl-2-butanone over Pt/TiO₂, J. Catal., 330(2015), p. 362.
[29]	M Khairy and W Zakaria, Effect of metal-doping of TiO₂ nanoparticles on their photocatalyitc activities toward removal of organic dyes, Egypt. J. Pet., 23(2014), No. 4, p. 419.
[30]	Z. Wan and G. Zhang, Synthesis and facet-dependent enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi₂SiO₅/AgI nanoplate photocatalysts, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3(2015), No. 32, p. 16737.
[31]	Y. Ma and G. Zhang, Sepiolite nanofiber-supported platinum nanoparticle catalysts toward the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at ambient temperature:efficient and stable performance and mechanism, Chem. Eng. J., 288(2016), p. 70.
[32]	D.D. Tang and G.K. Zhang, Fabrication of AgFeO₂/g-C₃N₄ nanocatalyst with enhanced and stable photocatalytic performance, Appl. Surf. Sci., 391(2017), p. 415.
[33]	J.L. Wang, G.K. Zhang, and P.Y. Zhang, Layered birnessite-type MnO₂ with surface pits for enhanced catalytic formaldehyde oxidation activity, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5(2017), No. 12, p. 5719.