Comparison between the surface defects caused by Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and TiN inclusions in interstitial-free steel auto sheets

Rui Wang; Yan-ping Bao; Zhi-jie Yan; Da-zhao Li; Yan Kang

doi:10.1007/s12613-019-1722-z

Volume 26 Issue 2

Feb. 2019

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2019 > 26(2): 178-185

Rui Wang, Yan-ping Bao, Zhi-jie Yan, Da-zhao Li, and Yan Kang, Comparison between the surface defects caused by Al₂O₃ and TiN inclusions in interstitial-free steel auto sheets, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 2, pp. 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1722-z

Cite this article as:

Rui Wang, Yan-ping Bao, Zhi-jie Yan, Da-zhao Li, and Yan Kang, Comparison between the surface defects caused by Al2O3 and TiN inclusions in interstitial-free steel auto sheets, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 2, pp. 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1722-z

Citation:

PDF( 431 KB)

Research Article

Comparison between the surface defects caused by Al₂O₃ and TiN inclusions in interstitial-free steel auto sheets

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
Rui Wang E-mail: wangrui@nuc.edu.cn
Received: 7 May 2018; Revised: 12 June 2018; Accepted: 15 June 2018

Abstract

Abstract

Al₂O₃ and TiN inclusions in interstitial-free (IF) steel deteriorate the properties of the steel. To decrease the defects of cold-rolled sheet, it is important to clearly distinguish between the degrees of damage caused by these two inclusions on the surface quality of the steel. In this study, a nanoindenter was used to test the mechanical properties of the inclusions, and the distribution and size of the inclusions were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that when only mechanical properties are considered, TiN inclusions are more likely to cause defects than Al₂O₃ inclusions of the same size during the rolling process. However, Al₂O₃ inclusions are generally more inclined to cause defects in the rolling process than TiN inclusions because of their distribution characteristic in the thickness direction. The precipitation of Al₂O₃ and TiN was obtained through thermodynamical calculations. The growth laws of inclusions at different cooling rates were calculated by solidification and segregation models. The results show that the precipitation regularity is closely related to the distribution law of the inclusions in IF slabs along the thickness direction.
- interstitial-free steel;
- inclusions;
- nanoindenter;
- inclusion precipitation

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(17)

References

[1]	J.L. Guo, Y.P. Bao, and M. Wang, Cleanliness of Ti-bearing Al-killed ultra-low-carbon steel during different heating processes, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 12, p. 1370.
[2]	X.X. Deng, L.P. Li, X.H. Wang, J.Q. Ji, C.X. Ji, and G.S. Zhu, Subsurface macro-inclusions and solidified hook character in aluminum-killed deep-drawing steel slabs, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 21(2014), No. 6, p. 531.
[3]	R. Kuziak, H. Hartman, M. Budach, and R. Kawalla, Effect of processing parameters on precipitation reactions occurring in a Ti-bearing IF steel, Mater. Sci. Forum, 500-501(2005), p. 687.
[4]	O. León-Garcia, R. Petrov, and L.A.I. Kestens, Void initiation at TiN precipitates in IF steels during tensile deformation, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 527(2010), No. 16-17, p. 4202.
[5]	Y. Hu, W.Q. Chen, C.J. Wan, F.J. Wang, and H.B. Han, Effect of deoxidation process on inclusion and fatigue performance of spring steel for automobile suspension, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 49(2018), No. 2, p. 569.
[6]	L.F. Zhang, C.B. Guo, W. Yang, Y. Ren, and H.T. Li, Deformability of oxide inclusions in tire cord steels, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 49(2018), No. 2, p. 803.
[7]	L. Yang, G.G. Cheng, S.J. Li, M. Zhao, G.P. Feng, and T. Li, A coupled model of TiN inclusion growth in GCr15SiMn during solidification in the electroslag remelting process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 22(2015), No. 12, p. 1266.
[8]	W.J. Ma, Y.P. Bao, L.H. Zhao, and M. Wang, Control of the precipitation of TiN inclusions in gear steels, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 21(2014), No. 3, p. 234.
[9]	T. Miyake, M. Morishita, H. Nakata, and M. Kokita, Influence of sulphur content and molten steel flow on entrapment of bubbles to solid/liquid interface, ISIJ Int., 46(2006), No. 12, p. 1817.
[10]	T.Y. Tsui, J. Vlassak, and W.D. Nix, Indentation plastic displacement field:Part Ⅱ. The case of hard films on soft substrates, J. Mater. Res., 14(1999), No. 6, p. 2204.
[11]	X. Li, Y.P. Bao, and M. Wang, Genetic evolution of inclusions in interstitial-free steel during the cold rolling processes, Trans. Indian Inst. Met., 71(2018), No. 5, p. 1067.
[12]	H.L. Yu, X.H. Liu, H.Y. Bi, and L.Q. Chen, Deformation behavior of inclusions in stainless steel strips during multi-pass cold rolling, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209(2009), No. 1, p. 455.
[13]	I. Ohnaka, Mathematical analysis of solute redistribution during solidification with diffusion, Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 26(1986), No. 12, p. 1045.
[14]	H.Y. Liu, H.L. Wang, L. Li, J.Q. Zheng, Y.H. Li, and X.Y. Zeng, Investigation of Ti inclusions in wire cord steel, Ironmaking Steelmaking, 38(2011), No. 1, p. 53.
[15]	J.H. Shang, X.J. Wang, and Y.Z. Chu, Recent development on precipitation behaviour of second-phase particles in Ti-IF steels during hot rolling, J. Iron Steel Res., 12(2000), No. 6, p. 55.
[16]	H. Goto, K.I. Miyazawa, K.I. Yamaguchi, S. Oglibayashi, and K. Tanaka, Effect of cooling rate on oxide precipitation during solidification of low carbon steels, ISIJ Int., 34(1994), No. 5, p. 414.
[17]	H.J. Wu, N. Wei, Y.P. Bao, G.X. Wang, C.P. Xiao, and J.J. Liu, Effect of M-EMS on the solidification structure of a steel billet, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 18(2011), No. 2, p. 159.