Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy

C. D. Gómez-Esparza; R. Peréz-Bustamante; J. M. Alvarado-Orozco; J. Muñoz-Saldaña; R. Martínez-Sánchez; J. M. Olivares-Ramírez; A. Duarte-Moller

doi:10.1007/s12613-019-1771-3

Volume 26 Issue 5

May 2019

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2019 > 26(5): 634-641

C. D. Gómez-Esparza, R. Peréz-Bustamante, J. M. Alvarado-Orozco, J. Muñoz-Saldaña, R. Martínez-Sánchez, J. M. Olivares-Ramírez, and A. Duarte-Moller, Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 5, pp. 634-641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1771-3

Cite this article as:

C. D. Gómez-Esparza, R. Peréz-Bustamante, J. M. Alvarado-Orozco, J. Muñoz-Saldaña, R. Martínez-Sánchez, J. M. Olivares-Ramírez, and A. Duarte-Moller, Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 5, pp. 634-641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1771-3

Citation:

PDF( 551 KB)

Research Article

Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
C. D. Gómez-Esparza E-mail: cynthia.gomez@cimav.edu.mx
Received: 6 July 2018; Revised: 1 December 2018; Accepted: 2 December 2018

Abstract

Abstract

An AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was prepared by mechanical alloying and sintering to study the effect of Ti addition to the widely studied AlCoCuCrFeNi system. The structural and microstructural characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation of four micrometric phases was detected:a Cu-rich phase with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure, a body-centered cubic (bcc) solid solution with Cu-rich plate-like precipitates (fcc), an ordered bcc phase, and a tetragonal structure. The XRD patterns corroborate the presence of a mixture of bcc-, fcc-, and tetragonal-structured phases. The Vickers hardness of the alloy under study was more than twice that of the AlCoCuCrFeNi alloy. Nanoindentation tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical response of the individual phases to elucidate the relationship between chemical composition, crystal structure, and mechanical performance of the multiphase microstructure of the AlCoCuCrFeNiTi HEA.
- high-entropy alloys;
- mechanical alloying;
- microstructure;
- nanoindentation

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(28)

References

[1]	J.W. Yeh, S.K. Chen, J.Y. Gan, S.J. Lin, T.S. Chin, T.T. Shun, C.H. Tsau, and S.Y. Chang, Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu-Co-Ni-Cr-Al-Fe-Ti-V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 35(2004), p. 2533.
[2]	S.T. Chen, W.Y. Tang, Y.F. Kuo, S.Y. Chen, C.H. Tsau, T.T. Shun, and J.W. Yeh, Microstructure and properties of age-hardenable Al_xCrFe_1.5MnNi_0.5 alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 527(2010), No. 21-22, p. 5818.
[3]	R. Sriharitha, B.S. Murty, and R.S. Kottada, Phase formation in mechanically alloyed Al_xCoCrCuFeNi (x=0.45, 1, 2.5, 5 mol) high entropy alloys, Intermetallics, 32(2013), p. 119.
[4]	N.T.B.N. Koundinya, C.S. Babu, K. Sivaprasad, P. Susila, N.K. Babu, and J. Baburao, Phase evolution and thermal analysis of nanocrystalline AlCrCuFeNiZn high entropy alloy produced by mechanical alloying, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 22(2013), No. 10, p. 3077.
[5]	Y.F. Wang, S.G. Ma, X.H. Chen, J.Y. Shi, Y. Zhang, and J.W. Qiao, Optimizing mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNiTi_x high-entropy alloys by tailoring microstructures, Acta Metall. Sin.-Engl., 26(2013), No. 3, p. 277.
[6]	P. Cui, Y.M. Ma, L.J. Zhang, M.D. Zhang, J.T. Fan, W.Q. Dong, P.F. Yu, G. Li, and R.P. Liu, Effect of Ti on microstructures and mechanical properties of high entropy alloys based on CoFeMnNi system, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 737(2018), No. 8, p. 198.
[7]	W.Y. Yan, C.L. Pun, and G.P. Simon, Conditions of applying Oliver-Pharr method to the nanoindentation of particles in composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 72(2012), No. 10, p. 1147.
[8]	C.S. Babu, N.T.B.N. Koundinya, K. Sivaprasad, and J.A. Szpunar, Thermal analysis and nanoindentaion studies on nanocrystalline AlCrNiFeZn high entropy alloy, Procedia Mater. Sci., 6(2014), p. 641.
[9]	V. Maier-Kiener, B. Schuh, E.P. George, H. Clemens, and A. Hohenwarter, Nanoindentation testing as a powerful screening tool for assessing phase stability of nanocrystalline high-entropy alloys, Mater. Des., 115(2017), p. 479.
[10]	C.M. Lin and H.L. Tsai, Evolution of microstructure, hardness, and corrosion properties of high-entropy Al0.5CoCrFeNi alloy, Intermetallics, 19(2011), No. 3, p. 288.
[11]	Y.L. Chen, Y.H. Hu, C.W. Tsai, J.W. Yeh, S.K. Chen, and S.Y. Chang, Structural evolution during mechanical milling and subsequent annealing of Cu-Ni-Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ti alloys, Mater. Chem. Phys., 118(2009), No. 2-3, p. 354.
[12]	Z.G. Zhu, K.H. Ma, Q. Wang, and C.H. Shek, Compositional dependence of phase formation and mechanical properties in three CoCrFeNi-(Mn/Al/Cu) high entropy alloys, Intermetallics, 79(2016), p. 1.
[13]	C.D. Gómez-Esparza, K. Campos-Venegas, O. Solis-Canto, J.M. Alvarado-Orozco, J. Muñoz-Saldaña, J.M. Herrera-Ramírez, and R. Martínez-Sánchez, Nanohardness and microstructure of NiCoAlFeCu and NiCoAlFeCuCr alloys produced by mechanical alloying, Microsc. Microanal., 20(2014), No. S3, p. 2106.
[14]	T.T. Shun and Y.C. Du, Age hardening of the Al_0.3CoCrFeNiC_0.1 high entropy alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 478(2009), No. 1-2, p. 269.
[15]	B.S. Li, Y.P. Wang, M.X. Ren, C. Yang, and H.Z. Fu, Effects of Mn, Ti and V on the microstructure and properties of AlCrFeCoNiCu high entropy alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 498(2008), No. 1-2, p. 482.
[16]	H.F. Sheng, M. Gong, and L.M. Peng, Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of an Al_0.5CoCrFeCuNi high-entropy alloy in as-cast and heat-treated/quenched conditions, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 567(2013), p. 14.
[17]	Y. Ma, B.B. Jiang, C.L. Li, Q. Wang, C. Dong, P.K. Liaw, F. Xu, and L.X. Sun, The BCC/B2 morphologies in AlxNiCoFeCr high-entropy alloys, Metals, 7(2017), No. 2, p. 57.
[18]	M.R. Chen, S.J. Lin, J.W. Yeh, S.K. Chen, Y.S. Huang, and C.P. Tu, Microstructure and properties of Al_0.5CoCrCuFeNiTix (x=0-2.0) high-entropy alloys, Mater. Trans., 47(2006), No. 5, p. 1395.
[19]	K.B. Zhang, Z.Y. Fu, J.Y. Zhang, W.M. Wang. S.W. Lee, and K. Niihara, Characterization of nanocrystalline CoCrFeNiTiAl high-entropy solid solution processed by mechanical alloying, J. Alloys Compd., 495(2010), No. 1, p. 33.
[20]	K.B. Zhang, Z.Y. Fu, J.Y. Zhang, W.M. Wang, H. Wang, Y.C. Wang, Q.J. Zhang, and J. Shi, Microstructure and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNiTiAlx high-entropy alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 508(2009), No. 1-2, p. 214.
[21]	P. Malinovskis, S. Fritze, L. Riekehr, L. von Fieandt, J. Cedervall, D. Rehnlund, L. Nyhol, E. Lewin, and U. Jansson, Synthesis and characterization of multicomponent (CrNbTaTiW) C films for increased hardness and corrosion resistance, Mater. Des., 149(2018), p. 51.
[22]	C.D. Gómez-Esparza, J. Camarillo-Cisneros, I. Estrada-Guel, J.G. Cabañas-Moreno, J.M. Herrera-Ramírez, and R. Martínez-Sánchez, Effect of Cr, Mo and Ti on the microstructure and Vickers hardness of multi-component systems, J. Alloys Compd., 615(2014), No. Supplement 1, p. S638.
[23]	Y.J. Zhou, Y. Zhang, F.J. Wang, Y.L. Wang, and G.L. Chen, Effect of Cu addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNiTi_0.5 solid-solution alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 466(2008), No. 1-2, p. 201.
[24]	S. Guo, C. Ng, and C.T. Liu, Anomalous solidification microstructures in Co-free Al_xCrCuFeNi₂ high-entropy alloys, J. Alloys Compd., 557(2013), p. 77.
[25]	G. Arzpeyma, A.E. Gheribi, and M. Medraj, On the prediction of Gibbs free energy of mixing of binary liquid alloys, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 57(2013), p. 82.
[26]	S. Guo, Q. Hu, C. Ng, and C.T. Liu, More than entropy in high-entropy alloys:Forming solid solutions or amorphous phase, Intermetallics, 41(2013), p. 96.
[27]	D.B. Miracle and O.N. Senkov, A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts, Acta Mater., 122(2017), p. 448.
[28]	C.J. Tong, M.R. Chen, J.W. Yeh, S.J. Lin, S.K. Chen, T.T. Shun, and S.Y. Chang, Mechanical performance of the AlxCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy system with multiprincipal elements, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 36(2005), p. 1263.