Diffusion coefficient of Ti<sup>4+</sup> in calcium ferrite/calcium titanate diffusion couple

Wang Wei; Hong-rui Yue; Xiang-xin Xue

doi:10.1007/s12613-020-2057-5

Volume 27 Issue 9

Sep. 2020

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2020 > 27(9): 1216-1225

Wang Wei, Hong-rui Yue, and Xiang-xin Xue, Diffusion coefficient of Ti⁴⁺ in calcium ferrite/calcium titanate diffusion couple, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 9, pp. 1216-1225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2057-5

Cite this article as:

Wang Wei, Hong-rui Yue, and Xiang-xin Xue, Diffusion coefficient of Ti4+ in calcium ferrite/calcium titanate diffusion couple, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 9, pp. 1216-1225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2057-5

Citation:

PDF( 1522 KB)

Research Article

Diffusion coefficient of Ti⁴⁺ in calcium ferrite/calcium titanate diffusion couple

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
Xiang-xin Xue E-mail: xuexx@mail.neu.edu.cn
Received: 24 October 2019; Revised: 27 March 2020; Accepted: 30 March 2020; Available online: 3 April 2020

Abstract

Abstract

This study investigated the interdiffusion of calcium ferrite/calcium titanate system in the time range of 0–120 min by the diffusion couple method in a CO/N₂ reducing atmosphere at 700°C. The results show that after the diffusion reaction occurred, no longitudinal agglomerations were present on the substrate surface on the calcium titanate side. When the diffusion time was increased to 105 min, a net vacancy flow from calcium titanate to calcium ferrite might have occurred, causing the surface of the calcium ferrite substrate to collapse. The thickness of the diffusion layer of the calcium ferrite/calcium titanate system was about 17–48 μm, which conforms to the parabolic law of diffusion. The diffusion coefficient and the Ti⁴⁺ concentration in the calcium ferrite/calcium titanate system are related. This shows an increase in the diffusion coefficient with the increase of Ti⁴⁺ concentration, and the diffusion coefficient value was in the range of 10⁻¹²–10⁻¹¹ cm²·s⁻¹.
- vanadium–titanium sinter;
- diffusion couple;
- calcium ferrite;
- calcium titanate;
- diffusion coefficient

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(33)

References

[1]	Q.X Wu, J.P. Wang, D. Che, and Y. Gu, Situation analysis and sustainable development suggestions of vanadium resources in china, Resour. Ind., 2016, No. 3, p. 29.
[2]	S. Li, Study on China’s Iron Ore Import and Countermeasures [Dissertation], Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 2010.
[3]	D.B. Zhang, H.M. Wan, and J. Zheng, Analysis on global iron ore resources and China’s iron ore supply and demand, China Metall., 2004, No. 6, p. 26.
[4]	F.K. Meng, Current status and prospects of utilization of titanium resources in Chengde, Titanium Ind.Prog., 2001, No. 5, p. 11.
[5]	J.M. Ma and C.X. Cheng, New types of development and utilization of iron ore resources in China—Ultra-lean vanadium-titanium magnetite of Chengde, Land Resour. Inf., 2006, No. 11, p. 53.
[6]	J.H. Ju, X.X. Huang, Y.Z. Xue, and M. Song, Thoughts of mineral resources conservation and comprehensive utilization in China in new era, China Min. Mag., 27(2018), No. 1, p. 1.
[7]	J.S. Zhu, Beneficiation and comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite, Met. Mine, 2000, No. 1, p. 1.
[8]	W.Z. Fu, Basic analysis of the characteristics and comprehensive utilization of the vanadium-titanium magnetite resources in Panxi, Multipurpose Util. Miner. Resour., 1996, No. 1, p. 27.
[9]	M.X. Xu, Influences of metallurgical properties of sinter on its quality and major operation indexes of blast furnace, Sintering Pelletizing, 39(2014), No. 3, p. 1.
[10]	Y. Chen, The Investigation of Phase Constitution and Reaction Between Titanium Dioxide and Calcium Ferrite [Dissertation], Chongqing University, Chongqing, 2017.
[11]	G.J. Cheng, X.X. Xue, T. Jiang, and P.N. Duan, Effect of TiO₂ on the crushing strength and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 47(2016), No. 3, p. 1713. doi: 10.1007/s11663-016-0628-7
[12]	M.G. He, Effect of w(TiO₂) on sintering properties of high titanium vanadium–titanium magnetite, Iron Steel, 51(2016), No. 5, p. 9.
[13]	R. Budzik, The balance of titanium and vanadium in the blast furnace with the use of sinter containing a titanium–vanadium-magnetite concentrate, Metalurgija, 46(2007), No. 2, p. 145.
[14]	C.Y. Ding, X.W. Lv, Y. Chen, G. Li, W.C. He, and X.M. Lv, Reaction sequence and formation kinetics of perovskite by calcium ferrite–titania reaction, J. Alloys Compd., 789(2019), p. 537. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.325
[15]	H.M. Yang and G.Z. Qiu, Mechanism of TiO₂ affecting sinter RDI, Multipurpose Utiliz. Minser. Resour., 1998, No. 1, p. 12.
[16]	X.L. Han, H.F. Wang, L.N. Liu, M.Y. Yao, and Y.H. Wang, Influence of basicity on microstructure of vanadium–titanium magnetite sinter, Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 30(2009), No. 3, p. 56.
[17]	C.E. Loo and N.J. Bdstow, Study on low-temperature reduction degradation mechanism of sinter, Sintering Pelletizing, 20(1995), No. 4, p. 23.
[18]	Z.S. Ren, X.J. Hu, S.Y. Li, X.X. Xue, and K.C. Chou, Interdiffusion in the Fe₂O₃–TiO₂ system, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 20(2013), No. 3, p. 273. doi: 10.1007/s12613-013-0723-6
[19]	Z.S. Ren, X.J. Hu, X.X. Xue, and K.C. Chou, Solid state reaction studies in Fe₃O₄–TiO₂ system by diffusion couple method, J. Alloys Compd., 580(2013), p. 182. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.114
[20]	J.C. Zhao, A combinatorial approach for structural materials, Adv. Eng. Mater., 3(2001), No. 3, p. 143. doi: 10.1002/1527-2648(200103)3:3<143::AID-ADEM143>3.0.CO;2-F
[21]	D. Wu, L.G. Zhang, L.B. Liu, W.M. Bai, and L.J. Zeng, Effect of Fe content on microstructures and properties of Ti6Al4V alloy with combinatorial approach, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 28(2018), No. 9, p. 1714. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(18)64815-0
[22]	Z.P. Jin, The application of ternary diffusion couple technique to study phase diagram, J. Cent. South Univ. Sci. Technol., 1984, No. 1, p. 27.
[23]	Z.P. Jin, Application of phase diagram in composite materials and surface treatment, Nat. Mag., 9(1986), No. 5, p. 340.
[24]	A.A. Kodentsov, G.F. Bastin, and F.J.J. van Loo, The diffusion couple technique in phase diagram determination, J. Alloys Compd., 320(2001), No. 2, p. 207. doi: 10.1016/S0925-8388(00)01487-0
[25]	J.S. Georgiev and L.A. Anestiev, Influence of the surface processes on the hydrogen permeation through ferritic steel and amorphous Fe₄₀Ni₄₀Mo₄B₁₆ alloy specimens, J. Nucl. Mater., 249(1997), No. 2-3, p. 133. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00228-6
[26]	Z.H. Xu, R.D Mu, X.Q. Cao, and L.M. He, Study of the interdiffusion behavior between NiCrAlYSi coating and Ni-based superalloy substrate, J. Mater. Eng., 2009, No. 2, p. 67.
[27]	C. Greskovich and V.S. Stubican, Interdiffusion studies in the system MgO–Cr₂O₃, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 30(1969), No. 4, p. 909. doi: 10.1016/0022-3697(69)90288-1
[28]	P. Zhang, T. Debroy, and S. Seetharaman, Interdiffusion in the MgO–Al₂O₃ spinel with or without some dopants, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 27(1996), No. 8, p. 2105. doi: 10.1007/BF02651865
[29]	C.A.C. Sequeira and L. Amaral, Role of kirkendall effect in diffusion processes in solids, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 24(2014), No. 1, p. 1. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(14)63021-1
[30]	Y.N. Wen, Study on the Formation of Metal Hollows and the Mechanism of Atomic Migration [Dissertation], Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 2011.
[31]	Y.M. Sung, W.C. Kwak, and S. Kim, Kinetics of PbTiO₃ perovskite phase formation via an interfacial reaction, J. Mater. Res., 17(2002), No. 2, p. 407. doi: 10.1557/JMR.2002.0057
[32]	J.C. Zheng, X.J. Hu, Z.S. Ren, X.X. Xue, and K.C. Chou, Solid-state reaction studies in Al₂O₃–TiO₂ system by diffusion couple method, ISIJ Int., 57(2017), No. 10, p. 1762. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-042
[33]	W.K. Burns, P.H. Klein, E.J. West, and L.E. Plew, Ti diffusion in Ti: LiNbO₃ planar and channel optical waveguides, J. Appl. Phys., 50(1979), No. 10, p. 6175. doi: 10.1063/1.325801