Effect of interaction of refractories with Ni-based superalloy on inclusions during vacuum induction melting

Xiao-yong Gao; Lin Zhang; Xuan-hui Qu; Xiao-wei Chen; Yi-feng Luan

doi:10.1007/s12613-020-2098-9

Volume 27 Issue 11

Nov. 2020

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Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2020 > 27(11): 1551-1559

Xiao-yong Gao, Lin Zhang, Xuan-hui Qu, Xiao-wei Chen, and Yi-feng Luan, Effect of interaction of refractories with Ni-based superalloy on inclusions during vacuum induction melting, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 11, pp. 1551-1559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2098-9

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Xiao-yong Gao, Lin Zhang, Xuan-hui Qu, Xiao-wei Chen, and Yi-feng Luan, Effect of interaction of refractories with Ni-based superalloy on inclusions during vacuum induction melting, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 11, pp. 1551-1559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2098-9

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Research Article

Effect of interaction of refractories with Ni-based superalloy on inclusions during vacuum induction melting

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Corresponding author:
Lin Zhang E-mail: zlin@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 20 January 2020; Revised: 11 May 2020; Accepted: 12 May 2020; Available online: 15 May 2020

Abstract

Abstract

This study documents laboratory-scale observation of the interactions between the Ni-based superalloy FGH4096 and refractories. Three different crucibles were tested—MgO, Al₂O₃, and MgO–spinel. We studied the variations in the compositions of the inclusions and the alloy–crucible interface with the reaction time using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the MgO and MgO–spinel crucibles form MgO-containing inclusions (Al–Mg oxides and Al–Mg–Ti oxides), whereas the inclusions formed when using the Al₂O₃ crucible are Al₂O₃ and Al–Ti oxides. We observed a new MgAl₂O₄ phase at the inner wall of the MgO crucible, with the alloy melted in the MgO crucible exhibiting fewer inclusions. No new phase occurred at the inner wall of the Al₂O₃ crucible. We discuss the mechanism of interaction between the refractories and the Ni-based superalloy. Physical erosion was found to predominate in the Al₂O₃ crucible, whereas dissolution and chemical reactions dominated in the MgO crucible. No reaction was observed between three crucibles and the Ti of the melt although the Ti content (3.8wt%) was higher than that of Al (2.1wt%).
- FGH4096 superalloy;
- vacuum induction melting;
- crucible;
- inclusion;
- Mg/O ratio

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