Effect of junction potential on the EMF of bielectrolyte solid-state sensors

The EMF (electromotive force) expressions of bielectrolyte solid-state sensors derived from classical thermodynamics are not rigorous. They are only applicable in some special situations. In order to expand their applicable scope, they should be derived from irreversible thermodynamics theory. There is a junction potential term in the EMF equations of double solid electrolyte sensors derived from irreversible thermodynamics. The junction potential involves the ion transference numbers and the electron transference numbers of two kinds of solid electrolytes. When the transference numbers of reaction ions in the two solid electrolytes equal 1 only,the junction potential term is zero and two types of EMF equations become the same.