Abstract: Nanobubbles play a potential role in the application of the flotation of fine particles. In this work, the identification of nanoentities was performed with a contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM). Moreover, the influences of setpoint ratio and amplitude of the cantilever and the responses of the formed surface nanobubbles to the fluctuation of pH, salt concentration, and surfactant concentration in the slurry were respectively studied. Nanobubbles were reported on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface as the HOPG was immersed in deionized water under ambient temperature. The coalescence of nanobubbles occurred under contact mode, which provides strong evidence of the gaseous nature of these nanostructures on HOPG. The measuring height of the surface nanobubbles decreased with the setpoint ratio. The changes in the pH and concentration of methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) show a negligible influence on the lateral size and height of the preexisting surface nanobubbles. The addition of LiCl results in a negligible change of the lateral size; however, an obvious change is noticed in the height of surface nanobubbles. The results are expected to provide a valuable reference in understanding the properties of surface nanobubbles and in the design of nanobubble-assisted flotation processes.