| Cite this article as: |
Qian Li, Xi Lin, Qun Luo, Yuʼan Chen, Jingfeng Wang, Bin Jiang, and Fusheng Pan, Kinetics of the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes of hydrogen storage alloys: A review, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 1, pp. 32-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2337-8
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李谦 E-mail: cquliqian@cqu.edu.cn
氢能具有无污染、可再生的特性，被认为是未来减少碳排放的主要途径之一。储氢合金因其体积储氢密度高、安全性好、吸放氢条件温和、循环次数高、成本低等优势，未来将在氢能行业中得到广泛应用。而高吸/放氢速率是储氢合金罐应用的重要前提。通过对储氢合金吸/放氢机制的研究，有利于储氢合金吸/放氢速率的改性增强。而等温吸/放氢动力学模型是研究吸/放氢机制的有效手段。研究人员已经建立了许多模型来描述吸/放氢动力学过程。然而，这些动力学模型仅适用于特定的动力学控速步骤和动力学测试方法，容易导致动力学模型的错误使用。如何使用合适的动力学模型对储氢合金的吸/放氢过程进行研究，进而揭示正确的吸/放氢机制，是许多不熟悉吸/放氢动力学过程的研究人员面临的实际问题。本文基于不同的动力学测量方法，对化学吸附、表面渗透、氢扩散、形核生长和化学反应等控速步骤对应的动力学模型进行了概述，阐述了动力学实验数据的分析方法，以及温度、氢气压力和粒径对动力学参数的影响，总结了不同储氢合金的动力学应用情况。
High hydrogen absorption and desorption rates are two significant index parameters for the applications of hydrogen storage tanks. The analysis of the hydrogen absorption and desorption behavior using the isothermal kinetic models is an efficient way to investigate the kinetic mechanism. Multitudinous kinetic models have been developed to describe the kinetic process. However, these kinetic models were deduced based on some assumptions and only appropriate for specific kinetic measurement methods and rate-controlling steps (RCSs), which sometimes lead to confusion during application. The kinetic analysis procedures using these kinetic models, as well as the key kinetic parameters, are unclear for many researchers who are unfamiliar with this field. These problems will prevent the kinetic models and their analysis methods from revealing the kinetic mechanism of hydrogen storage alloys. Thus, this review mainly focuses on the summarization of kinetic models based on different kinetic measurement methods and RCSs for the chemisorption, surface penetration, diffusion of hydrogen, nucleation and growth, and chemical reaction processes. The analysis procedures of kinetic experimental data are expounded, as well as the effects of temperature, hydrogen pressure, and particle radius. The applications of the kinetic models for different hydrogen storage alloys are also introduced.
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