钛铁矿浮选药剂种类及其作用机制综述

蔡教忠; 邓久帅; 王亮; 胡明振; 徐宏祥; 侯孝安; 吴伯增; 李世美

doi:10.1007/s12613-021-2380-5

Volume 29 Issue 9

Sep. 2022

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2022 > 29(9): 1656-1669

Jiaozhong Cai, Jiushuai Deng, Liang Wang, Mingzhen Hu, Hongxiang Xu, Xiaoan Hou, Bozeng Wu, and Shimei Li, Reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation: A review, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1656-1669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2380-5

Cite this article as:

Jiaozhong Cai, Jiushuai Deng, Liang Wang, Mingzhen Hu, Hongxiang Xu, Xiaoan Hou, Bozeng Wu, and Shimei Li, Reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation: A review, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1656-1669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2380-5

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特约综述

钛铁矿浮选药剂种类及其作用机制综述

1)
中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
2)
中关村绿色矿山产业联盟, 北京 100083, 中国
3)
华锡集团柳州华锡有色设计研究院有限责任公司, 柳州 545006, 中国
4)
昆明理工大学复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室, 国土资源工程学院, 昆明 650093, 中国

通讯作者:
邓久帅 E-mail: dengshuai689@163.com

吴伯增 E-mail: wubz998@163.com

文章亮点

(1) 介绍了钛铁矿表面性质、晶体结构及其溶液化学。

(2) 分析了用于钛铁矿浮选回收的药剂种类及性质特点。

(3) 总结了不同浮选药剂与钛铁矿表面作用机制。

(4) 展望了钛铁矿浮选药剂发展方向。

中文摘要

钛是一种重要的工业金属，被广泛用于航天航空、军事以及医疗等领域，而钛铁矿是自然界中提取钛的最重要矿物之一。实现钛铁矿与脉石矿物的高效分离及提高钛回收率，对于保障国家钛资源供应链安全具有重要意义。传统“重、磁、电”分选方法很难实现微细粒级钛铁矿的高效回收利用，为提高资源利用率，选矿厂已重视应用浮选法来回收钛铁矿。浮选法是基于矿物表界面性质差异而对矿物进行分选的方法，所以不同种类的浮选药剂基团与不同pH下的钛铁矿表面Ti和Fe位点间的相互作用差异对钛铁矿浮选行为有很大影响。本文总结了钛铁矿表面性质、浮选药剂种类及其与钛铁矿表面作用机制的研究进展。钛铁矿表面Fe位点活性大于Ti位点，采用氧化方法对Fe位点进行改性，同时利用不同价态Fe位点与捕收剂吸附能差异，能有效提高钛铁矿浮选指标；油酸钠、羟肟酸、磷酸等种类的捕收剂对钛铁矿的捕收能力和作用机制不尽相同；钛铁矿抑制剂主要通过其与脉石矿物表面的钙镁发生络合作用而使脉石矿物亲水；不同种类浮选药剂的组合，特别是活化剂与捕收剂之间的组合，突破了传统组合药剂观念，有助于用于钛铁矿浮选的新型组合药剂的研发。对钛铁矿表面Fe和Ti位点活性的针对性调控、合成含有多种传统捕收剂特征基团的新药剂及更多种类药剂间的组合，将是未来钛铁矿高效活化浮选的发展方向。

关键词:

Invited Review

Reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation: A review

+ Author Affiliations

1)
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2)
ZHONGGUANCUN Green Mine Industry Alliance, Beijing 100083, China
3)
Liuzhou China-Tin Nonferrous Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., CHINA TIN GROUP, Liuzhou 545006, China
4)
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Corresponding authors:
Jiushuai Deng E-mail: dengshuai689@163.com

Bozeng Wu E-mail: wubz998@163.com
Received: 15 April 2021; Revised: 12 November 2021; Accepted: 12 November 2021; Available online: 16 November 2021

Abstract

Abstract

Ilmenite is an essential mineral for the extraction of titanium. Conventional physical separation methods have difficulty recovering fine ilmenite, and dressing plants have begun applying flotation to recover ilmenite. The interaction of reagent groups with Ti and Fe sites on the ilmenite surface dramatically influences the ilmenite flotation. However, the investigation on Fe sites has received more attention because the activity of Ti is lower than that of Fe. For the activators on ilmenite flotation, most are metal ions but typically lead ions. The metal ions of activators promote ilmenite flotation by increasing the active sites on the ilmenite surface. Combined reagents have a better selective separation of ilmenite than single reagents due to their synergistic effect. Combining the lead ion (Pb²⁺) and the benzyl hydroxamic acid (BHA) into a Pb–BHA complex has a marked effect on ilmenite flotation, which puts forward a new idea of developing combined reagents for ilmenite flotation. This review considers reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation. On the basis of the analysis of previous research, a brief future outlook of reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation is also proposed in this study.
- ilmenite;
- flotation;
- reagent;
- action mechanism;
- combined reagents

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