Abstract: Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), also known as “novel post-lithium-ion batteries,” have promising energy storage and utilization prospects due to their abundant and inexpensive raw materials. Appropriate anode materials are critical for realizing high-performance PIBs because they are an important component determining the energy and power densities. Two-dimensional (2D) layered anode materials with increased interlayer distances, specific surface areas, and more active sites are promising candidates for PIBs, which have a high reversible capacity in the energetic pathway. In this review, we briefly summarize K⁺ storage behaviors in 2D layered carbon, transition metal chalcogenides, and MXene materials and provide some suggestions on how to select and optimize appropriate 2D anode materials to achieve ideal electrochemical performance.