基于LiFePO<sub>4</sub>基锂离子电池用低温电解质展望

陈相龙; 宫玉栋; 李秀; 詹锋; 刘新华; 马建民

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2541-1

Volume 30 Issue 1

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2023 > 30(1): 1-13

Xianglong Chen, Yudong Gong, Xiu Li, Feng Zhan, Xinhua Liu, and Jianmin Ma, Perspective on low-temperature electrolytes for LiFePO₄-based lithium-ion batteries, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 1, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2541-1

Cite this article as:

Xianglong Chen, Yudong Gong, Xiu Li, Feng Zhan, Xinhua Liu, and Jianmin Ma, Perspective on low-temperature electrolytes for LiFePO4-based lithium-ion batteries, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 30(2023), No. 1, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2541-1

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特约综述

基于LiFePO₄基锂离子电池用低温电解质展望

1)
广西大学资源环境与材料学院，南宁 530004，中国
2)
北京大学科技园，北京 100871，中国
3)
电子科技大学材料与能源学院，成都 611731，中国
4)
北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院，北京 100871，中国

通讯作者:
李秀    E-mail: x.li@uestc.edu.cn

詹锋    E-mail: fzhan_gxu@126.com

刘新华    E-mail: liuxinhua19@buaa.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 系统地讨论了LiFePO₄的电池在低温下的失效原因。

(2) 详细介绍了一些通过电解质改进电池低温性能策略。

(3) 并总结了负极材料阳极材料在低温下对电化学性能的影响。

中文摘要

橄榄石型磷酸铁锂（LiFePO₄）正极材料因其成本低、环境友好、安全性高而被看好，并被作为高性能的锂离子电池正极材料广泛应用于商用电池。目前，LiFePO₄/C二次电池以其良好的热稳定性、稳定的循环性能和较低的室温自放电率被广泛用于电子产品、汽车动力电池以及其他与场合相关的应用。然而，当基于磷酸铁锂的电池在寒冷气候下运行时，其应用受到严重限制。这一结果是由于Li⁺在电极内的传输能力大大降低，特别是导致电解质的电化学容量和功率性能急剧下降。因此，低温电解质的设计对于磷酸铁锂电池的进一步商业应用非常重要。本文回顾了导致磷酸铁锂电池低温性能不佳的关键因素以及低温电解质的研究进展。特别关注电解质成分，包括锂盐、助溶剂、添加剂和新电解质的开发。还分析了影响阳极的因素。最后，根据目前的研究进展，总结了一些观点，为提高未来低温下LiFePO₄/C商业电池的实用性提供合适的改性方法和研究建议。

关键词:

Invited Review

Perspective on low-temperature electrolytes for LiFePO₄-based lithium-ion batteries

+ Author Affiliations

1)
School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2)
Peking University Science Park, Beijing 100871, China
3)
School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
4)
School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100871, China

Corresponding authors:
Xiu Li    E-mail: x.li@uestc.edu.cn

Feng Zhan    E-mail: fzhan_gxu@126.com

Xinhua Liu    E-mail: liuxinhua19@buaa.edu.cn
Received: 25 March 2022; Revised: 24 August 2022; Accepted: 26 August 2022; Available online: 30 August 2022

Abstract

Abstract

The olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) cathode material is promising and widely used as a high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode material in commercial batteries due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and high safety. At present, LiFePO₄/C secondary batteries are widely used for electronic products, automotive power batteries, and other occasion-related applications with good thermal stability, stable cycle performance, and low room-temperature self-discharge rate. However, LiFePO₄-based battery applications are seriously limited when they are operated in a cold climate. This outcome is due to a considerable decrease in Li⁺ transport capabilities within the electrode, particularly leading to a dramatic decrease in the electrochemical capacity and power performance of the electrolyte. Therefore, the design of low-temperature electrolytes is important for the further commercial application of LiFePO₄ batteries. This paper reviews the key factors for the poor low-temperature performance of LiFePO₄-based batteries and the research progress of low-temperature electrolytes. Special attention is paid to electrolyte components, including lithium salts, cosolvents, additives, and the development of new electrolytes. The factors affecting the anode are also analyzed. Finally, according to the current research progress, some viewpoints are summarized to provide suitable modification methods and research suggestions for improving the practicability of LiFePO₄/C commercial batteries at low temperatures in the future.
- lithium-ion batteries;
- LiFePO₄;
- electrolytes;
- low-temperature;
- electrochemical performance

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Perspective on low-temperature electrolytes for LiFePO₄-based lithium-ion batteries

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