起爆点位置对岩石中条形药包爆破的损伤与破裂特征影响效应研究

丁晨曦; 杨仁树; 郭啸; 隋哲; 肖成龙; 杨立云

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2765-8

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文章导航 > 矿物冶金与材料学报（英文） > 2024 > 31(3): 443-451

Chenxi Ding, Renshu Yang, Xiao Guo, Zhe Sui, Chenglong Xiao, and Liyun Yang, Effects of the initiation position on the damage and fracture characteristics of linear-charge blasting in rock, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 3, pp. 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2765-8

Cite this article as:

Chenxi Ding, Renshu Yang, Xiao Guo, Zhe Sui, Chenglong Xiao, and Liyun Yang, Effects of the initiation position on the damage and fracture characteristics of linear-charge blasting in rock, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 31(2024), No. 3, pp. 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2765-8

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研究论文

起爆点位置对岩石中条形药包爆破的损伤与破裂特征影响效应研究

1)
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
2)
中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
3)
北京科技大学数理学院, 北京 100083, 中国
4)
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081, 中国

通讯作者:
郭啸 E-mail: xiaoguo@ustb.edu.cn

文章亮点

(1) 采用分形损伤理论对爆破荷载下岩石裂隙分布和损伤度进行了量化分析

(2) 正向起爆条件下孔口自由面处岩体的反射拉伸破坏和堵塞的压缩变形及摩擦作用均消耗了更多的爆破能量

(3) 反向起爆条件下炮孔底部发生明显的端部效应

中文摘要

为研究条形药包爆破中的起爆点位置对损伤与破裂特征的影响规律，采用计算机断层扫描和三维重构方法开展了三维爆破模型实验，并结合分形损伤理论对爆后砂岩试件的裂隙分布和损伤度进行了量化分析。结果表明：无论是反向起爆还是正向起爆，炮孔堵塞介质由于发生压缩变形和滑动摩擦阻力做功，消耗了靠近孔口处爆生气体的能量，影响了孔口附近岩石的有效破碎，从而导致第Ⅰ段和第Ⅱ段区域的损伤度均小于第Ⅲ段和第Ⅳ段区域的损伤度。正向起爆条件下，孔口自由面处岩体的反射拉伸破坏和堵塞的压缩变形及摩擦作用均消耗了更多的爆破能量，致使正向起爆的爆破能量利用率较低。造成了正向起爆组试件的整体损伤度显著小于反向起爆组的。可见，反向起爆条件下，爆破能量的利用效率更高，使得试件整体上能够达到更大的损伤和破坏。因此，在岩巷掏槽爆破的工程实践中，为了有效利用爆破能量并加强岩石破碎效果，建议采用反向起爆。此外，三维岩石爆破中，反向起爆条件下炮孔底部发生明显的端部效应，炮孔底部岩石的裂纹分布呈喇叭状。三维条形药包爆破模型实验中端部效应的形成与起爆点位置和堵塞条件均有关系。

关键词:

Research Article

Effects of the initiation position on the damage and fracture characteristics of linear-charge blasting in rock

+ Author Affiliations

1)
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2)
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3)
School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
4)
State Key Lab of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Renshu Yang is an editorial board member for this journal and not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare that they do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted.

Corresponding author:
Xiao Guo E-mail: xiaoguo@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 3 May 2023; Revised: 19 October 2023; Accepted: 20 October 2023; Available online: 24 October 2023

Abstract

Abstract

To study the effects of the initiation position on the damage and fracture characteristics of linear-charge blasting, blasting model experiments were conducted in this study using computed tomography scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction methods. The fractal damage theory was used to quantify the crack distribution and damage degree of sandstone specimens after blasting. The results showed that regardless of an inverse or top initiation, due to compression deformation and sliding frictional resistance, the plugging medium of the borehole is effective. The energy of the explosive gas near the top of the borehole is consumed. This affects the effective crushing of rocks near the top of the borehole, where the extent of damage to Sections I and II is less than that of Sections III and IV. In addition, the analysis revealed that under conditions of top initiation, the reflected tensile damage of the rock at the free face of the top of the borehole and the compression deformation of the plug and friction consume more blasting energy, resulting in lower blasting energy efficiency for top initiation. As a result, the overall damage degree of the specimens in the top-initiation group was significantly smaller than that in the inverse-initiation group. Under conditions of inverse initiation, the blasting energy efficiency is greater, causing the specimen to experience greater damage. Therefore, in the engineering practice of rock tunnel cut blasting, to utilize blasting energy effectively and enhance the effects of rock fragmentation, using the inverse-initiation method is recommended. In addition, in three-dimensional (3D) rock blasting, the bottom of the borehole has obvious end effects under the conditions of inverse initiation, and the crack distribution at the bottom of the borehole is trumpet-shaped. The occurrence of an end effect in the 3D linear-charge blasting model experiment is related to the initiation position and the blocking condition.
- blasting;
- linear charge;
- initiation position;
- computed tomography;
- three-dimensional reconstruction;
- damage

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References

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