浮选固液多相复杂系统的热力学理论与高熵浮选

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doi:10.1007/s12613-024-2874-z

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Shuming Wen, Thermodynamic theory of flotation for a complex multiphase solid–liquid system and high-entropy flotation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,(2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2874-z

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Shuming Wen, Thermodynamic theory of flotation for a complex multiphase solid–liquid system and high-entropy flotation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,(2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2874-z

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研究论文

浮选固液多相复杂系统的热力学理论与高熵浮选

文书明

昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室, 昆明 650093, 中国

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文书明 E-mail: shmwen@126.com

文章亮点

(1) 推导获得了浮选固液复杂系统中物质组分吸附过程的熵变和吉布斯自由能变化

(2) 建立了浮选固液复杂系统的热力学平衡方程组

(3) 基于热力学平衡方程组获得了表征浮选药剂吸附反应能力的吸附平衡常数

(4) 提出了组合使用浮选药剂的高熵浮选技术方法

中文摘要

浮选固液复杂系统涉及多种物质组元之间的相互作用，是浮选理论研究的核心问题。同时，多组元浮选药剂联合使用，提高矿物的浮选效果，也成为难处理矿产资源高效利用研究的热点问题之一。但对浮选固液复杂系统的研究极其困难，至今没有形成系统的理论，组合药剂提高浮选效果的物理机制也还没有获得统一的认识，这都限制了浮选理论的发展和浮选技术的进步。基于热力学基础理论，研究了浮选固液系统中药剂在矿物表面吸附的熵变和吉布斯自由能变化，建立了各种物质组分相互作用的热力学平衡方程组，提出了矿物表面吸附浮选药剂的吸附平衡常数。结果表明，矿浆溶液中各种矿物表面的同质化效应是各矿物表面物质组分化学势保持平衡的结果。多组元浮选药剂联合使用，协同作用，提高浮选效果，其物理本质是矿物表面浮选药剂组元数增加，表面吸附熵变增加，吸附吉布斯自由能降低的热力学规律。基于浮选热力学理论研究结果，建立了通过增加矿物表面吸附浮选药剂种类，提高浮选药剂的吸附熵变，减少吉布斯自由能变化，提高浮选药剂吸附的效率和稳定性，从而提高难处理矿物的浮选效果的高熵浮选理论和技术方法。

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Research Article

Thermodynamic theory of flotation for a complex multiphase solid–liquid system and high-entropy flotation

Shuming Wen

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Abstract

Abstract

The flotation of complex solid–liquid multiphase systems involve interactions among multiple components, the core problem facing flotation theory. Meanwhile, the combined use of multicomponent flotation reagents to improve mineral flotation has become an important issue in studies on the efficient use of refractory mineral resources. However, studying the flotation of complex solid–liquid systems is extremely difficult, and no systematic theory has been developed to date. In addition, the physical mechanism associated with combining reagents to improve the flotation effect has not been unified, which limits the development of flotation theory and the progress of flotation technology. In this study, we applied theoretical thermodynamics to a solid–liquid flotation system and used changes in the entropy and Gibbs free energy of the reagents adsorbed on the mineral surface to establish thermodynamic equilibrium equations that describe interactions among various material components while also introducing adsorption equilibrium constants for the flotation reagents adsorbed on the mineral surface. The homogenization effect on the mineral surface in pulp solution was determined using the chemical potentials of the material components of the various mineral surfaces required to maintain balance. The flotation effect can be improved through synergy among multicomponent flotation reagents; its physical essence is the thermodynamic law that as the number of components of flotation reagents on the mineral surface increases, the surface adsorption entropy change increases, and the Gibbs free energy change of adsorption decreases. According to the results obtained using flotation thermodynamics theory, we established high-entropy flotation theory and a technical method in which increasing the types of flotation reagents adsorbed on the mineral surface, increasing the adsorption entropy change of the flotation reagents, decreasing the Gibbs free energy change, and improving the adsorption efficiency and stability of the flotation reagents improves refractory mineral flotation.

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