孔底垫层缓冲爆破的岩石破裂机理研究

朱心广; 丁晨曦; 隋哲; 苏洪; 郭旭

doi:10.1007/s12613-024-2941-5

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Xinguang Zhu, Chenxi Ding, Zhe Sui, Hong Su, and Xu Guo, Rock fracture mechanism of buffer blasting with cushion layer at the borehole bottom, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,(2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2941-5

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Xinguang Zhu, Chenxi Ding, Zhe Sui, Hong Su, and Xu Guo, Rock fracture mechanism of buffer blasting with cushion layer at the borehole bottom, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,(2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-024-2941-5

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研究论文

孔底垫层缓冲爆破的岩石破裂机理研究

1)
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
2)
中国科学院力学研究所, 北京 100190, 中国
3)
中国矿业大学(北京)力学与土木工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
4)
安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院, 淮南 232000, 中国

文章亮点

(1) 考虑孔底垫层的作用效应，研究了孔底垫层缓冲爆破的岩石破裂机理。

(2) 开展了孔底垫层和起爆方式对孔底岩体完整性影响的爆破模型实验研究。

(3) 模拟了不同孔底垫层厚度下爆炸岩石应力波传播及裂纹动态扩展过程。

中文摘要

本文主要考虑孔底垫层的作用效应，研究了孔底垫层缓冲爆破的岩石破裂机理，重点分析了试件中爆炸应力演化规律、裂纹分布特征和岩石破裂特性。首先，结合动态焦散线原理，开展了孔底垫层和起爆方式对孔底岩体完整性影响的爆破模型实验研究，实验结果表明采用孔底垫层和孔底起爆相结合的方式能够有效保护孔底岩体的完整性。然后，采用连续–非连续单元法（CDEM），引入Landau爆源模型，模拟了不同孔底垫层厚度下爆炸岩石应力波传播及裂纹动态扩展过程。数值模拟结果表明，垫层厚度越大，对爆炸产生的能量吸收作用越明显，孔底岩体的裂纹数量越小，进一步说明了垫层的存在对保护孔底岩体完整性起到了一定的积极作用。

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Research Article

Rock fracture mechanism of buffer blasting with cushion layer at the borehole bottomRock fracture mechanism of buffer blasting with cushion layer at the borehole bottom

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Abstract

Abstract

This study primarily investigates the rock fracture mechanism of bottom cushion layer blasting and explores the effects of the bottom cushion layer on rock fragmentation. It involves analyses of the evolution patterns of blasting stress, characteristics of crack distribution, and rock fracture features in the specimens. First, blasting model experiments were carried out using the dynamic caustics principle to investigate the influence of bottom cushion layers and initiation methods on the integrity of the bottom rock mass. The experimental results indicate that the combined use of bottom cushion layers and inverse initiation effectively protects the integrity of the bottom rock mass. Subsequently, the process of stress wave propagation and dynamic crack propagation in rocks was simulated using the continuum–discontinuum element method (CDEM) and the Landau explosion source model, with varying thicknesses of bottom cushion layers. The numerical simulation results indicate that with increasing cushion thickness, the absorption of energy generated by the explosion becomes more pronounced, resulting in fewer cracks in the bottom rock mass. This illustrates the positive role of the cushion layer in protecting the integrity of the bottom rock mass.
- bottom cushion layer;
- blasting;
- crack propagation;
- continuum–discontinuum element method;
- dynamic stress intensity factor

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