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Yunhao Qiu, Mingzhou Li, Jindi Huang, Zhiming He, Wenfeng Fang, Lihua Zhong, and Wu Xu, Prediction model for endpoint and product composition of copper-converter smelting based on CNN-GAT algorithm collaboration, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3242-3
Yunhao Qiu, Mingzhou Li, Jindi Huang, Zhiming He, Wenfeng Fang, Lihua Zhong, and Wu Xu, Prediction model for endpoint and product composition of copper-converter smelting based on CNN-GAT algorithm collaboration, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3242-3
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基于CNN‑GAT协同算法的铜转炉吹炼终点及产物成分预测模型

摘要: 铜转炉吹炼终点的判断直接影响粗铜品质、炉体稳定性及吹炼效率。因此,提升该过程的数字化与智能化水平,具有重要的现实意义。本研究采用一种融合卷积神经网络(CNN)与图注意力网络(GAT)的深度学习算法:利用CNN算法从高温熔体冷却样本中提取图像特征,再通过GAT算法将样本图像特征与各类生产工况数据、约束条件进行融合,构建出用于铜转炉终点判定及产物成分预测模型。该模型不仅可以预测炉内产物的主要元素含量,还能预测吹炼剩余时间。同时,本研究建立了包含 5172 条生产参数与炉体高温冷却样本图像的数据集,并基于该数据集对模型进行训练与验证。结果表明:在测试集上,模型对造渣期与造铜期的终点判断准确率分别达到 96.73% 和 97.85%;在 4 个铜转炉吹炼周期中,成分平均预测误差低至 0.705wt%,各周期吹炼时间平均预测误差仅为 1.94 分钟,为铜转炉吹炼智能终点判定技术的发展提供了新的方法与思路。

 

Prediction model for endpoint and product composition of copper-converter smelting based on CNN-GAT algorithm collaboration

Abstract: The endpoint timing of copper-converter blowing directly affects the quality of blister copper, furnace stability, and blowing efficiency. Therefore, enhancing the digitalization and intelligence levels of this process has significant practical importance. This study employed a deep learning algorithm that integrated a convolutional neural network (CNN) and graph attention network (GAT). It utilized CNNs to extract image features from the cooling samples of high-temperature melts. Subsequently, by fusing these image features with various production condition data and constraints through the GAT, a model was constructed to determine the best endpoint and predict the product composition. This model could predict the main elemental content of furnace products and estimate the required blowing time. A dataset comprising 5172 production parameters and images of high-temperature cooling samples from a furnace was established. The model was trained and validated using this dataset, and the results indicated that the model achieved endpoint judgment accuracies of 96.73% and 97.85% for the slag-making and copper-making periods, respectively, on the test set. The average prediction error for the composition across four cycles of copper-converter blowing was as low as 0.705wt%, and the average error in estimating the required blowing time was only 1.94 min. The results of this study provide new methods and insights for the development of intelligent endpoint judgment technologies for copper-converter blowing.

 

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