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Xuemei Xiang, Yuxiang Lai, Guisen Chen, Cuilan Wu, and Jianghua Chen, Suppressing negative natural aging effect in automotive AlMgSiCu alloys via Sn microalloying, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3254-z
Xuemei Xiang, Yuxiang Lai, Guisen Chen, Cuilan Wu, and Jianghua Chen, Suppressing negative natural aging effect in automotive AlMgSiCu alloys via Sn microalloying, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-025-3254-z
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Sn微合金化抑制汽车用AlMgSiCu合金的自然时效负面效应

摘要: 尽管Sn已被证实是抑制AlMgSi合金自然时效负面效应的有效微合金化元素,但其在AlMgSiCu合金中缓解负自然时效效应的潜力仍有待证实。本研究通过硬度测试、差示扫描量热法以及原子分辨率高角环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜,系统探究了Sn在AlMgSiCu合金自然时效过程中的作用。结果表明,添加Sn显著抑制了自然时效对后续峰值人工时效硬化潜力的不利影响,并有效减缓了时效早期硬化动力学的减慢。研究认为,Sn改变了AlMgSiCu合金中自然时效团簇的性质。在含Sn合金中,相当一部分自然时效团簇在人工时效过程中有效充当了强化相析出的异质形核位点,从而保持了析出相形核率,并阻碍了其在峰值时效阶段的粗化。原子分辨率能谱分析显示,在β′相和C/Q′相中,Sn原子优先占据Si原子的晶格位置。该研究为汽车车身用铝合金的成分优化设计提供了关键的理论指导。

 

Suppressing negative natural aging effect in automotive AlMgSiCu alloys via Sn microalloying

Abstract: Although Sn has been established as an effective microalloying element for suppressing the negative natural aging (NA) effect in Al–Mg–Si alloys, its potential to mitigate the negative NA effect in Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys remains to be confirmed. This study systematically investigated the role of Sn in the NA of Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys through hardness measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and atomic-resolution high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. Our results demonstrate that the addition of Sn significantly suppresses the adverse impact of NA on the peak-aged hardening capacity during subsequent artificial aging and substantially alleviates early-stage hardening kinetics degradation. Our findings suggest that Sn modifies the nature of the NA clusters in Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloys. A significant proportion of NA clusters in the Sn-added alloy effectively served as heterogeneous nucleation sites for strengthening the precipitates during artificial aging, thereby preserving the precipitate nucleation rates and preventing coarsening at the peak-aging stage. Atomic-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed preferential occupation of Si atomic sites by Sn atoms within the β′ and C/Q′ phases. This investigation provides critical theoretical insights for optimizing alloy design in automotive-body aluminum applications.

 

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