Abstract: With the gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources globally, deep mining is becoming increasingly prevalent within the mining industry. Drilling and blasting remain the predominant excavation methods in these deep environments. However, challenges such as inefficient borehole utilization and significant over-excavation or under-excavation are frequently encountered. Scientific investigation into deep rock mass blasting is crucial for the effective development and utilization of deep resources, underpinning safe and efficient deep mine operations. This paper identifies the challenges faced in deep rock mass blasting and presents a review of current research primarily from the perspective of Chinese institutions and experiences, integrating both theoretical and technical perspectives through a bibliometric analysis. Initially, key developmental trends and prominent research teams within the context of this review are identified. Subsequently, the paper analyzes and summarizes three principal areas of theoretical research: the blasting stress field evolution, crack propagation behavior, and vibrational response characteristics under in-situ stress conditions. The application and optimization of cut and perimeter blasting techniques in deep rock masses are also examined. Finally, drawing upon existing research and the author's own work, the paper explores three key future directions: the prediction of blasting effects, the utilization of unloading stress waves for cooperative rock fragmentation, and the optimization of production blasting in deep metal mines. This review aims to provide a systematic framework for future research endeavors in the field of deep rock mass blasting.