Cite this article as:

Qin Lin, Liang Hu, Wenmiao Liu, Xiaomin Tang, Yuhao Wang, and Zhibin Yang, Sensitivity analysis of a CNN–LSTM prognostic framework for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Effects of sliding window size and training data allocation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-026-3395-8
Qin Lin, Liang Hu, Wenmiao Liu, Xiaomin Tang, Yuhao Wang, and Zhibin Yang, Sensitivity analysis of a CNN–LSTM prognostic framework for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Effects of sliding window size and training data allocation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., (2026). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-026-3395-8
引用本文 PDF XML SpringerLink

基于CNN–LSTM的质子交换膜燃料电池寿命预测中滑动窗口大小与训练数据集划分对预测性能的敏感性分析

摘要: 基于深度学习模型的质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)剩余使用寿命预测性能取决于网络架构,同时还依赖于超参数的选择和训练策略。卷积神经网络与长短期记忆网络(CNN–LSTM)融合模型能够实现较高的预测精度,但其对实际应用中参数选择的敏感性尚未得到系统量化。本文以静态负载条件下的IEEE PHM 2014 FC1数据集作为研究对象,考察了滑动窗口长度和训练数据划分方式对短期预测精度和长期预测稳定性的影响。结果表明,与单独使用LSTM的模型相比,CNN–LSTM融合模型将短期电压预测的均方根误差(RMSE)降低了49%。在递归长时域寿命预测中,滑动窗口长度取40小时效果最佳,此时剩余使用寿命的预测误差保持在±5小时以内。此外,模型对训练集大小表现出很强的鲁棒性:当用于训练的数据超过500小时,RMSE的变化量始终低于0.001。通过静态载荷条件下的测试数据集分析,揭示了滑动窗口长度和训练集划分对预测性能的影响,为基于数据驱动的PEMFC健康管理预测模型的配置提供了指导建议。本文提出的验证方法可在未来工作中推广到动态负载场景。

 

Sensitivity analysis of a CNN–LSTM prognostic framework for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Effects of sliding window size and training data allocation

Abstract: For proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) prognostics, deploying deep learning models in real applications depends not only on the network architecture but also on carefully chosen hyperparameters and training strategies. Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory (CNN–LSTM) models can attain high predictive accuracy, yet their sensitivity to practical implementation choices has not been systematically quantified. This work addresses that gap by performing a methodological assessment of a representative CNN–LSTM framework rather than proposing a new architecture. Using the static-load IEEE PHM 2014 FC1 dataset as a controlled benchmark, we examine how two key factors—sliding window length and training data partitioning—jointly affect short-term accuracy and long-term forecast stability. Our results show that the hybrid CNN–LSTM reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) of short-term voltage prediction by 49% compared with a standalone LSTM baseline. For recursive long-horizon lifetime forecasting, a moderately sized sliding window of 40 h is identified as optimal, keeping the remaining useful life prediction error within ±5 h. In addition, the model exhibits strong robustness with respect to training set size: once more than 500 h of data are used for training, the variation in RMSE remains below 0.001. By confining the analysis to a static-load test case, we isolate the influence of these implementation parameters and provide practical, data-driven guidance for configuring CNN–LSTM-based prognostic models in PEMFC health management. The proposed validation methodology can be extended in future work to dynamic-load scenarios.

 

/

返回文章
返回