Abstract: From the microstructure of heat radiation, the interaction between the incident heat radiative wave and the electromagnetism syntonic wave is analyzed to reveal the emission, absorption, transmission and reflection mechanisms of the incident heat radiative wave in materials. Based on Lorentz dispersion theory, the effect of optical parameters on heat radiative characteristics is also analyzed. The method of ultra-attenuation and nanocrystallization improving the heat radiative characteristics of the material and the emissivity dispersion of the ultra-attenuated materials are brought to light.