Experiments comparing microwave blank roasting and conventional blank roasting for typical vanadium-bearing stone coal from Hubei Province in central China, in which vanadium is present in muscovite, were conducted to investigate the effects of roasting temperature, roasting time, H₂SO₄ concentration, and leaching time on vanadium extraction. The results show that the vanadium leaching efficiency is 84% when the sample is roasted at 800℃ for 30 min by microwave irradiation and the H₂SO₄ concentration, liquid/solid ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time are set as 20vol%, 1.5:1 mL·g^-1, 95℃, and 8 h, respectively. However, the vanadium leaching efficiency achieved for the sample subjected to conventional roasting at 900℃ for 60 min is just 71% under the same leaching conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the microwave roasted samples contain more cracks and that the particles are more porous compared to the conventionally roasted samples. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses, neither of these roasting methods could completely destroy the mica lattice structure under the experimental conditions; however, both methods deformed the muscovite structure and facilitated the leaching process. Comparing with conventional roasting, microwave roasting causes a greater deformation of the mineral structure at a lower temperature for a shorter roasting time.

The welded joints of 3Cr pipeline steel were fabricated with commercial welding wire using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) technique. Potentiodynamic polarization curves, linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were used to investigate the corrosion resistance and the growth of a corrosion film on the weld zone (WZ). The changes in electrochemical characteristics of the film were obtained through fitting of the EIS data. The results showed that the average corrosion rate of the WZ in CO₂ environments first increased, then fluctuated, and finally decreased gradually. The formation of the film on the WZ was divided into three stages:dynamic adsorption, incomplete-coverage layer formation, and integral layer formation.

The surface properties of superfine alumina trihydrate (ATH) after surface modification were studied by measuring the contact angle, active ratio, oil adsorption, total organic carbon, adsorption ratio, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. The contact angle increased initially and then slowly decreased with an increase of the amount of stearic acid. However, the surface free energy decreased initially and then increased. Surface modification with stearic acid or sodium stearate can benefit from elevating temperature. The base surface tension component and the free energy of Lewis acid-base both declined sharply following the surface modification. Excess stearic acid was physically adsorbed in the form of multilayer adsorption, and an interaction between oxygen on the ATH surface and hydroxyl in stearic acid was subsequently determined. Our results further indicated that the contact angle and adsorption ratio can be used as control indicators for surface modification compared with active ratio, oil adsorption and total organic carbon.