Curing time effect on mesocosmic parameters of cemented paste backfill through particle flow code technique

Lang Liu; Jie Xin; Chao Huan; Yujiao Zhao; Xiang Fan; Lijie Guo; KI-IL Song

doi:10.1007/s12613-020-2007-2

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Curing time effect on mesocosmic parameters of cemented paste backfill through particle flow code technique

+ Author Affiliations

Available online: 11 February 2020

Abstract

Several special mechanical properties such as the dilatancy and compressibility of cemented paste backfilll (CPB) are controlled by the internal microstructure and its evolution. To explore the mesocosmic structure changes of CPB during the development process. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical test results of CPB, the particle size information of CPB was extracted, and a two-dimensional (2D) particle flow code (PFC) model of CPB was established to study the evolution rule of mesoscopic parameters during CPB development. The FISH language of the PFC was used to develop a program for establishing a PFC model according to SEM results. The mesoscopic parameters of CPB samples at different curing times, such as the coordination number (C_n), contact force chain, and rose diagram were obtained by recording and loading; these were used to analyze the intrinsic relationship between mesoscopic parameter variations and macroscopic mechanical response during CPB development. It is of great significance to establish the physical model of CPB by using PFC to reveal the mesoscopic structure of CPB.
- Cemented paste backfill;
- particle flow code method;
- scanning electron microscopy;
- mesoscopic parameter;
- fabric

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51504182, 51674188, 51404191, 51405381), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province of China (No. 2015JQ5187, 2018JQ5183, 2018JM5161), the Scientific Research Program funded by the Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (No. 15JK1466), the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M582685), and Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Xi’an University of Science and Technology (No. 2018YQ2-01). This research was also supported by the National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. CRC-16-38502-KICT).

References

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Curing time effect on mesocosmic parameters of cemented paste backfill through particle flow code technique

Corresponding author:

Lang Liu E-mail: liulang@xust.edu.cn

1) Energy School, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China

2) Key Laboratory of Western Mines and Hazards Prevention, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an 710054, China

3) School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China

4) Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Beijing 100160, China

5) Dept. of Civil Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, South Korea

Available online: 11 February 2020

Abstract: Several special mechanical properties such as the dilatancy and compressibility of cemented paste backfilll (CPB) are controlled by the internal microstructure and its evolution. To explore the mesocosmic structure changes of CPB during the development process. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical test results of CPB, the particle size information of CPB was extracted, and a two-dimensional (2D) particle flow code (PFC) model of CPB was established to study the evolution rule of mesoscopic parameters during CPB development. The FISH language of the PFC was used to develop a program for establishing a PFC model according to SEM results. The mesoscopic parameters of CPB samples at different curing times, such as the coordination number (C_n), contact force chain, and rose diagram were obtained by recording and loading; these were used to analyze the intrinsic relationship between mesoscopic parameter variations and macroscopic mechanical response during CPB development. It is of great significance to establish the physical model of CPB by using PFC to reveal the mesoscopic structure of CPB.

Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51504182, 51674188, 51404191, 51405381), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province of China (No. 2015JQ5187, 2018JQ5183, 2018JM5161), the Scientific Research Program funded by the Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (No. 15JK1466), the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M582685), and Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Xi’an University of Science and Technology (No. 2018YQ2-01). This research was also supported by the National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. CRC-16-38502-KICT).

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Reference (49)

[1]	A. T. Cross and H. Lambers, Young calcareous soil chronosequences as a model for ecological restoration on alkaline mine tailings, Sci. Total Environ., 607-608(2017), No.1, p. 608.
[2]	L. Liu, Z. Fang, C. Qi, B. Zhang, L. Guo and K.-I. Song, Experimental investigation on the relationship between pore characteristics and unconfined compressive strength of cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater., 179(2018), p. 254.
[3]	C. Qi, Q. Chen, A. Fourie and Q. Zhang, An intelligent modelling framework for mechanical properties of cemented paste backfill, Miner. Eng., 123(2018), p. 16.
[4]	C. Qi, Q. Chen, A. Fourie, J. Zhao and Q. Zhang, Pressure drop in pipe flow of cemented paste backfill:Experimental and modeling study, Powder Technol., 333(2018), p. 9.
[5]	A. Wu, Y. Wang, H. Wang, S. Yin and X. Miao, Coupled effects of cement type and water quality on the properties of cemented paste backfill, Int. J. Miner. Process., 143(2015), p. 65.
[6]	M. Fall and M. Pokharel, Coupled effects of sulphate and temperature on the strength development of cemented tailings backfills:Portland cement-paste backfill, Cem. Concr. Compos., 32(2010), No.10, p. 819.
[7]	H. Rong, Z. Min and H. Haobo, Pore structure evolution and its effect on strength development of sulfate-containing cemented paste backfill, Minerals, 7(2017), No.1, p. 8.
[8]	Y. Wang, D. Liu and Y. Hu, Monitoring of internal failure evolution in cemented paste backfill under uniaxial deformation using in-situ X-ray computed tomography, Arabian J. Geosci., 12(2019), No.5, p. 138.
[9]	Q. Liu, D. Liu, Y. Tian and X. Liu, Numerical simulation of stress-strain behaviour of cemented paste backfill in triaxial compression, Eng. Geol., 231(2017), p. 165.
[10]	W. Xu and P. Cao, Fracture behaviour of cemented tailing backfill with pre-existing crack and thermal treatment under three-point bending loading:Experimental studies and particle flow code simulation, Eng. Fract. Mech., 195(2018), p.129.
[11]	S. Cao, E. Yilmaz and W. Song, Dynamic response of cement-tailings matrix composites under SHPB compression load, Constr. Build. Mater., 186(2018), p. 892.
[12]	E. Yilmaz, T. Belem and M. Benzaazoua, Study of physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of consolidated and unconsolidated cemented paste backfills, Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi/mineral Resources Management, 29(2013), No.1, p. 81.
[13]	C. Qi and A. Fourie, Cemented paste backfill for mineral tailings management:Review and future perspectives, Miner. Eng., 144(2019), art. 106025.
[14]	Q. Chen, Q. Zhang, A. Fourie, X. Chen and C. Qi, Experimental investigation on the strength characteristics of cement paste backfill in a similar stope model and its mechanism, Constr. Build. Mater., 154(2017), p. 34.
[15]	Q. Chen, Q. Zhang, C. Qi, A. Fourie and C. Xiao, Recycling phosphogypsum and construction demolition waste for cemented paste backfill and its environmental impact, J. Cleaner Prod., 186(2018), p. 418.
[16]	M. Fall, M. Benzaazoua and S. Ouellet, Experimental characterization of the influence of tailings fineness and density on the quality of cemented paste backfill, Miner. Eng., 18(2005), No.1, p. 41.
[17]	L. Liu, Z. Y. Fang, Y. P. Wu, X. P. Lai, P. Wang and K.-I. Song, Experimental investigation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in cemented rock-tailings backfill using Electrical Resistance Tomography, Constr. Build. Mater., 175(2018), p. 267.
[18]	L. Liu, K.-I. Song, D. Lao and T.-H. Kwon, Rheological Properties of Cemented Tailing Backfill and the Construction of a Prediction Model, Materials, 8(2015), No.5, p.2076.
[19]	D. Ouattara, T. Belem, M. Mbonimpa and A. Yahia, Effect of superplasticizers on the consistency and unconfined compressive strength of cemented paste backfills, Constr. Build. Mater., 181(2018), p. 59.
[20]	S. Cao, E. Yilmaz, W. Song, E. Yilmaz and G. Xue, Loading rate effect on uniaxial compressive strength behavior and acoustic emission properties of cemented tailings backfill, Constr. Build. Mater., 213(2019), p. 313.
[21]	H. Jiang, Z. Qi, E. Yilmaz, J. Han, J. Qiu and C. Dong, Effectiveness of alkali-activated slag as alternative binder on workability and early age compressive strength of cemented paste backfills, Constr. Build. Mater., 218(2019), p. 689.
[22]	T. Yılmaz, B. Ercikdi and H. Deveci, Utilisation of construction and demolition waste as cemented paste backfill material for underground mine openings, J. Environ. Manage., 222(2018), p. 250.
[23]	Y. Huang, J. Li, Y. Teng, X. Dong, X. Wang, G. Kong and T. Song, Numerical simulation study on macroscopic mechanical behaviors and micro-motion characteristics of gangues under triaxial compression, Powder Technol., 320(2017), p. 668.
[24]	K. A. Yilmaz E, Ercikdi B., The factors affecting the strength and stability of paste backfill., Yerbilimleri. Turk.Earth Sci., 28(2)(2003), No.28, p. 155.
[25]	S. Cao, E. Yilmaz and W. Song, Fiber type effect on strength, toughness and microstructure of early age cemented tailings backfill, Constr. Build. Mater., 223(2019), p. 44.
[26]	L. Kong, F. X. Chen, L. I. Jie, S. O. Science and Q. T. University, Meso-direct-shear test of sand based on digital image correlation method and its PFC numerical simulation, Rock Soil Mech., 34(2013), No.10, p. 2971.
[27]	L. Liu, C. Zhu, C. Qi, B. Zhang and K.-I. Song, A microstructural hydration model for cemented paste backfill considering internal sulfate attacks, Constr. Build. Mater., 211(2019), p. 99.
[28]	Z. Song, H. Konietzky and M. Herbst, Three-dimensional particle model based numerical simulation on multi-level compressive cyclic loading of concrete, Constr. Build. Mater., 225(2019), p. 661.
[29]	G. Xue, E. Yilmaz, W. Song and S. Cao, Compressive strength characteristics of cemented tailings backfill with alkali-activated slag, Appl. Sci., 8(2018), art. 6742392.
[30]	X. Chen, X. Shi, J. Zhou, X. Du, Q. Chen and X. Qiu, Effect of overflow tailings properties on cemented paste backfill, J. Environ. Manage., 235(2019), p. 133.
[31]	B. Zhang, J. Xin, L. Liu, L. Guo and K.-I. Song, An Experimental Study on the Microstructures of Cemented Paste Backfill during Its Developing Process, Adv. Civ. Eng., 2018(2018), p. 1.
[32]	X. Qin, P. Wang, L. Liu, M. Wang and J. Xin, Sensitivity analysis of microstructure parameters and mechanical strength during consolidation of cemented paste backfill, Math. Prob. Eng., 2018(2018), p. 1.
[33]	GB175-2007, Common Portland cement,(2007).
[34]	L. Liu, J. Xin, C. Huan, C. Qi, W. Zhou and K.-I. Song, Pore and strength characteristics of cemented paste backfill using sulphide tailings:Effect of sulphur content, Constr. Build. Mater., 237(2020), art. 117452.
[35]	L. Liu, J. Xin, Y. Feng, B. Zhang and K.-I. Song, Effect of the cement-tailing ratio on the hydration products and microstructure characteristics of cemented paste backfill, Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 44(2019), No.7, p. 6547.
[36]	B. Sun, X. Wang and Z. Li, Meso-scale image-based modeling of reinforced concrete and adaptive multi-scale analyses on damage evolution in concrete structures, Comput. Mater. Sci., 110(2015), p. 39.
[37]	Y. Ju, H. Sun, M. Xing, X. Wang and J. Zheng, Numerical analysis of the failure process of soil-rock mixtures through computed tomography and PFC3D models, Int. J. Coal Sci. Tech., 5(2018), No.2, p. 1.
[38]	C. Liu, B. Shi, J. Zhou and C. Tang, Quantification and characterization of microporosity by image processing, geometric measurement and statistical methods:Application on SEM images of clay materials, Appl. Clay Sci.,54(2011), No.1, p. 97.
[39]	W. Sun, K. Hou, Z. Yang and Y. Wen, X-ray CT three-dimensional reconstruction and discrete element analysis of the cement paste backfill pore structure under uniaxial compression, Constr. Build. Mater., 138(2017), p. 1.69
[40]	B. Koohestani, A. Khodadadi Darban and P. Mokhtari, A comparison between the influence of superplasticizer and organosilanes on different properties of cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater., 173(2018), p. 180.
[41]	J. Wu, M. H. El Naggar, X. Li and H. Wen, DEM analysis of geobag wall system filled with recycled concrete aggregate, Constr. Build. Mater., 238(2020), art. 117684.
[42]	C. Fan, The direct shear test on clay materials based on particle flow code[Dissertation], Chang'an University, 2017.
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Curing time effect on mesocosmic parameters of cemented paste backfill through particle flow code technique

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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