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Article Navigation >  International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials  > 2020 > Accepted Manuscript

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Research Article

Carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite with the assistance of sodium carbonate

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  • Received: 29 May 2020; Revised: 5 August 2020; Accepted: 7 August 2020; Available online: 10 August 2020
  • In the present study, the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTC) with the assistance of Na2CO3 was carried out in argon atmosphere between 1073 K and 1473 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the phase transformations during the reaction process. By investigating the reaction between VTC and Na2CO3, it was concluded that molten Na2CO3 could break the structure of titanomagnetite by combining with the acidic oxides (Fe2O3, TiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2) to form the Na-rich melt, and release FeO and MgO. Therefore, Na2CO3 could accelerate the reduction rate. In addition, the addition of Na2CO3 was also beneficial for the agglomeration of iron particles and the slag-metal separation by decreasing the viscosity of slag. Thus, the Na2CO3 assisted carbothermic reduction will be a promising method to treat VTC at low temperatures.
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    [2] Wei Li, Nan Wang, Gui-qin Fu, Man-sheng Chu, and  Miao-yong Zhu, Effect of Cr2O3 addition on the oxidation induration mechanism of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite pellets, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1583-x
    [3] Guang Wang, Ya-xing Du, Jing-song Wang, and  Qing-guo Xue, Carbothermic reduction behaviors of Ti-Nb-bearing Fe concentrate from Bayan Obo ore in China, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1543-5
    [4] Guang Wang, Qing-guo Xue, and  Jing-song Wang, Carbothermic reduction characteristics of ludwigite and boron-iron magnetic separation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1650-3
    [5] Cong Feng, Man-sheng Chu, Jue Tang, and  Zheng-gen Liu, Effects of smelting parameters on the slag/metal separation behaviors of Hongge vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite metallized pellets obtained from the gas-based direct reduction process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1608-5
    [6] Yi-min Zhang, Li-na Wang, De-sheng Chen, Wei-jing Wang, Ya-hui Liu, Hong-xin Zhao, and  Tao Qi, A method for recovery of iron, titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1556-0
    [7] Yu-lei Sui, Yu-feng Guo, Tao Jiang, Xiao-lin Xie, Shuai Wang, and  Fu-qiang Zheng, Gas-based reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate:behavior and mechanisms, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1373-x
    [8] Jin-fang Ma, Guang-wei Wang, Jian-liang Zhang, Xin-yu Li, Zheng-jian Liu, Ke-xin Jiao, and  Jian Guo, Reduction behavior and kinetics of vanadium-titanium sinters under high potential oxygen enriched pulverized coal injection, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1430-5
    [9] Tian-yang Hu, Ti-chang Sun, Jue Kou, Chao Geng, and  Yong-qiang Zhao, Effects and mechanisms of fluorite on the co-reduction of blast furnace dust and seaside titanomagnetite, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1512-4
    [10] Dong Li, Wan-zhong Yin, Ji-wei Xue, Jin Yao, Ya-feng Fu, and  Qi Liu, Solution chemistry of carbonate minerals and its effects on the flotation of hematite with sodium oleate, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1457-7
    [11] Yi-min Zhang, Ling-yun Yi, Li-na Wang, De-sheng Chen, Wei-jing Wang, Ya-hui Liu, Hong-xin Zhao, and  Tao Qi, A novel process for the recovery of iron, titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite:sodium modification-direct reduction coupled process, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1431-4
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Carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite with the assistance of sodium carbonate

  • Corresponding author:

    Yu-lan Zhen    E-mail: zhenzhen9545@126.com

  • 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Beijing, China
  • 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
  • 3. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
    Received: 29 May 2020
    Revised: 5 August 2020
    Accepted: 7 August 2020
    Available online: 10 August 2020

Abstract: In the present study, the carbothermic reduction of vanadium titanomagnetite concentrates (VTC) with the assistance of Na2CO3 was carried out in argon atmosphere between 1073 K and 1473 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the phase transformations during the reaction process. By investigating the reaction between VTC and Na2CO3, it was concluded that molten Na2CO3 could break the structure of titanomagnetite by combining with the acidic oxides (Fe2O3, TiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2) to form the Na-rich melt, and release FeO and MgO. Therefore, Na2CO3 could accelerate the reduction rate. In addition, the addition of Na2CO3 was also beneficial for the agglomeration of iron particles and the slag-metal separation by decreasing the viscosity of slag. Thus, the Na2CO3 assisted carbothermic reduction will be a promising method to treat VTC at low temperatures.

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