Iron and steel metallurgy—Ongoing challenges
+ Author Affiliations
-
Received: 8 June 2020; Revised:
7 September 2020; Accepted:
8 September 2020; Available online:
12 September 2020
-
Abstract
Iron and steel making lasts for several thousand years and is based on changing technologies. The driving forces for those changes are economical or disposability of raw material and energy sources. In this paper three challenges for the newly development in iron and steel metallurgy are highlighted: Continuous casting strand size increase, solidification behaviour of new steel grades, and suppression of CO2-emission during iron making. Examples underline the recent process of technological changes. 40 years of Sino German university cooperation in metallurgy are part of those technological development.
-
-
References
-
[1] |
Yi-min Zhang, Li-na Wang, De-sheng Chen, Wei-jing Wang, Ya-hui Liu, Hong-xin Zhao, and Tao Qi, A method for recovery of iron, titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1556-0
|
[2] |
Hui-bin Yang, Feng-qin Liu, and Xiao-lin Pan, Mineral structure and crystal morphologies of high-iron hydrargillite, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1597-4
|
[3] |
Guang Wang, Qing-guo Xue, and Jing-song Wang, Carbothermic reduction characteristics of ludwigite and boron-iron magnetic separation, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1650-3
|
[4] |
Mohit Sharma, O. P. Modi, and Punit Kumar, Synthesis and characterization of copper foams through a powder metallurgy route using a compressible and lubricant space-holder material, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1639-y
|
[5] |
Xiang Zeng, Jie Teng, Jin-gang Yu, Ao-shuang Tan, Ding-fa Fu, and Hui Zhang, Fabrication of homogeneously dispersed graphene/Al composites by solution mixing and powder metallurgy, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1552-4
|
[6] |
Xian-fei Ding, Xiao-zheng Li, Qiang Feng, Warkentin Matthias, and Shi-yao Huang, Microstructure evolution in grey cast iron during directional solidification, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1474-6
|
[7] |
Swagat S. Rath and Danda Srinivas Rao, Dolochar as a reductant in the reduction roasting of iron ore slimes, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1526-y
|
[8] |
Jin-lin Yang, Ji-guang Liu, Han-xin Xiao, and Shao-jian Ma, Sulfuric acid leaching of high iron-bearing zinc calcine, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1513-3
|
[9] |
Yong-sheng Sun, Yue-xin Han, Yan-feng Li, and Yan-jun Li, Formation and characterization of metallic iron grains in coal-based reduction of oolitic iron ore, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1386-5
|
[10] |
Sandeep Chauhan, Vikas Verma, Ujjwal Prakash, P. C. Tewari, and Dinesh Khanduja, Studies on induction hardening of powder-metallurgy-processed Fe-Cr/Mo alloys, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1478-2
|
-
-
Proportional views
-