Research progress in lead-less or lead-free three-dimensional perovskite absorber materials for solar cells

Huan-yu Zhang; Rui Li; Wen-wu Liu; Mei Zhang; Min Guo

doi:10.1007/s12613-019-1748-2

Volume 26 Issue 4

Apr. 2019

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Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2019 > 26(4): 387-403

Huan-yu Zhang, Rui Li, Wen-wu Liu, Mei Zhang, and Min Guo, Research progress in lead-less or lead-free three-dimensional perovskite absorber materials for solar cells, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 4, pp. 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1748-2

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Huan-yu Zhang, Rui Li, Wen-wu Liu, Mei Zhang, and Min Guo, Research progress in lead-less or lead-free three-dimensional perovskite absorber materials for solar cells, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 4, pp. 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1748-2

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Invited Review

Research progress in lead-less or lead-free three-dimensional perovskite absorber materials for solar cells

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Corresponding author:
Min Guo E-mail: guomin@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 24 August 2018; Revised: 16 November 2018; Accepted: 24 November 2018

Abstract

Abstract

The trend toward lead-free or lead-less perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted increasing attention over the past few years because the toxicity of lead (Pb) is one of the substantial restrictions for large-scale applications. Researchers have investigated the viability of substituting Pb with other elements (group 14 elements, group 2 elements, transition-metal elements, and group 13 and 15 elements) in the three-dimensional (3D) perovskites by theoretical calculations and experimental explorations. In this paper, recent research progress in Pb-less and Pb-free PSCs on the perovskite compositions, deposition methods, and device structures are summarized and the main problems that hinder the enhancement of device efficiency and stability are discussed in detail. To date, the fully Sn-based PSCs have shown a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.12% and poor device stability. However, lead-less PSCs have shown higher PCE and a better stability. In addition, the introduction of double-perovskite materials also draws researchers' attention. We believe that the engineering of elemental composition, perovskite deposition methods, and interfacial modification are critical for the future development of Pb-less and Pb-free PSCs.
- perovskite solar cells;
- lead-free perovskite materials;
- lead-less perovskite materials;
- composition engineering;
- stability

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