Investigation of the medium calcium based non-burnt brick made by red mud and fly ash: durability and hydration characteristics

Ying-tang Xu; Bo Yang; Xiao-ming Liu; Shuai Gao; Dong-sheng Li; Emile Mukiza; Hua-jian Li

doi:10.1007/s12613-019-1814-9

Volume 26 Issue 8

Aug. 2019

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Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2019 > 26(8): 983-991

Ying-tang Xu, Bo Yang, Xiao-ming Liu, Shuai Gao, Dong-sheng Li, Emile Mukiza, and Hua-jian Li, Investigation of the medium calcium based non-burnt brick made by red mud and fly ash: durability and hydration characteristics, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 8, pp. 983-991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1814-9

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Ying-tang Xu, Bo Yang, Xiao-ming Liu, Shuai Gao, Dong-sheng Li, Emile Mukiza, and Hua-jian Li, Investigation of the medium calcium based non-burnt brick made by red mud and fly ash: durability and hydration characteristics, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 26(2019), No. 8, pp. 983-991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1814-9

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Research Article

Investigation of the medium calcium based non-burnt brick made by red mud and fly ash: durability and hydration characteristics

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
Xiao-ming Liu E-mail: liuxm@ustb.edu.cn
Received: 2 February 2019; Revised: 12 April 2019; Accepted: 23 April 2019

Abstract

Abstract

Red mud is a type of highly alkaline waste residue produced in the process of alumina smelting by the Bayer process. Based on the idea of medium calcium content, solid wastes such as red mud and fly ash were used to prepare non-burnt bricks; and the mass ratio of CaO/SiO₂ was selected in the range of 0.88-1.42. Mechanical properties and durability were investigated with a compressive strength test. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were used to characterize the hydration characteristic. The environmental performance was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP). The results indicated that the mechanical properties and the durability were optimal when the mass ratio of CaO/SiO₂ was 1.23. The hydration products were mostly C-S-H gel, ettringite, Na₄Ca(Si₁₀Al₁₆)O₃₂·12H₂O and Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)(OH)₈. They were responsible for the strength development, and the CaO/SiO₂ mass ratio of 1.23 had the best polymerized structure. The results of an environmental performance test showed that the heavy metals in the raw materials were well-solidified in the brick. Therefore, this paper provides an effective solution for use of solid wastes in building material.
- medium calcium content;
- red mud;
- fly ash;
- non-burnt brick

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