Recovery of titanium, aluminum, magnesium and separating silicon from titanium-bearing blast furnace slag by sulfuric acid curing–leaching

Long Wang; Liang Chen; Weizao Liu; Guoquan Zhang; Shengwei Tang; Hairong Yue; Bin Liang; Dongmei Luo

doi:10.1007/s12613-021-2293-3

Volume 29 Issue 9

Sep. 2022

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2022 > 29(9): 1705-1714

Long Wang, Liang Chen, Weizao Liu, Guoquan Zhang, Shengwei Tang, Hairong Yue, Bin Liang, and Dongmei Luo, Recovery of titanium, aluminum, magnesium and separating silicon from titanium-bearing blast furnace slag by sulfuric acid curing–leaching, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1705-1714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2293-3

Cite this article as:

Long Wang, Liang Chen, Weizao Liu, Guoquan Zhang, Shengwei Tang, Hairong Yue, Bin Liang, and Dongmei Luo, Recovery of titanium, aluminum, magnesium and separating silicon from titanium-bearing blast furnace slag by sulfuric acid curing–leaching, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 9, pp. 1705-1714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2293-3

Citation:

PDF( 2819 KB)

Research Article

Recovery of titanium, aluminum, magnesium and separating silicon from titanium-bearing blast furnace slag by sulfuric acid curing–leaching

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
Dongmei Luo E-mail: dmluo@scu.edu.cn
Received: 26 February 2021; Revised: 15 April 2021; Accepted: 19 April 2021; Available online: 20 April 2021

Abstract

Abstract

An energy-efficient route was adopted to treat titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (TBBFS) in this study. Titanium, aluminum, and magnesium were simultaneously extracted and silicon was separated by low temperature sulfuric acid curing and low concentration sulfuric acid leaching. The process parameters of sulfuric acid curing TBBFS were systematically studied. Under the optimal conditions, the recovery of titanium, aluminum, and magnesium reached 85.96%, 81.17%, and 93.82%, respectively. The rapid leaching model was used to limit the dissolution and polymerization of silicon, and the dissolution of silicon was only 3.18%. The mechanism of sulfuric acid curing–leaching was investigated. During the curing process, the reaction occurred rapidly and released heat massively. Under the attack of hydrogen ions, the structure of TBBFS was destroyed, silicate was depolymerized to form filterable silica, and titanium, magnesium, aluminum, and calcium ions were replaced to form sulfates and enriched on the surface of silica particles. Titanium, aluminum, and magnesium were recovered in the leaching solution, and calcium sulfate and silica were enriched in the residue after leaching. This method could effectively avoid the formation of silica sol during the leaching process and accelerate the solid–liquid separation.
- titanium-bearing blast furnace slag;
- sulfuric acid curing;
- silicon;
- mechanism

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(41)

References

[1]	U. Srivastava and S.K. Kawatra, Strategies for processing low-grade iron ore minerals, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. Rev., 30(2009), No. 4, p. 361. doi: 10.1080/08827500903185208
[2]	U. Srivastava, S.K. Kawatra, and T.C. Eisele, Production of pig iron by utilizing biomass as a reducing agent, Int. J. Miner. Process., 119(2013), p. 51. doi: 10.1016/j.minpro.2012.12.008
[3]	Y.M. Zhang, L.N. Wang, D.S. Chen, W.J. Wang, Y.H. Liu, H.X. Zhao, and T. Qi, A method for recovery of iron, titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 25(2018), No. 2, p. 131. doi: 10.1007/s12613-018-1556-0
[4]	B. Das, S. Prakash, P.S.R. Reddy, and V.N. Misra, An overview of utilization of slag and sludge from steel industries, Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 50(2007), No. 1, p. 40. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.05.008
[5]	E. Özbay, M. Erdemir, and H.İ. Durmuş, Utilization and efficiency of ground granulated blast furnace slag on concrete properties - A review, Constr. Build. Mater., 105(2016), p. 423. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.153
[6]	S.K. Tripathy, J. Dasu, Y.R. Murthy, G. Kapure, A.R. Pal, and L.O. Filippov, Utilisation perspective on water quenched and air-cooled blast furnace slags, J. Cleaner Prod., 262(2020), art. No. 121354. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121354
[7]	Y.L. Zhen, G.H. Zhang, and K.C. Chou, Mechanism and kinetics of the carbothermic reduction of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, Metall. Res. Technol., 113(2016), No. 5, art. No. 507. doi: 10.1051/metal/2016039
[8]	P. Lu, Progress and prospect of industrialization of comprehensive utilization of pangang blast furnace slag (high titanium content), Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 34(2013), No. 3, p. 33.
[9]	F. Valighazvini, F. Rashchi, and R. Khayyam Nekouei, Recovery of titanium from blast furnace slag, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52(2013), No. 4, p. 1723. doi: 10.1021/ie301837m
[10]	F. Yan, C. Li, and B. Liang, A two-step sulfuric acid leaching process of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, Chin. J. Process Eng., (2006), No. 3, p. 413.
[11]	S.Q. Zhang, W.Q. Wang, Y. Zheng, P.K. Ren, W. Yan, and J. Deng, Study on the flotation separation of modified Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium, 38(2017), No. 3, p. 71.
[12]	M.Z. Wu, H.H. Lü, M.C. Liu, Z.L. Zhang, X.R. Wu, W.M. Liu, P. Wang, and L.S. Li, Direct extraction of perovskite CaTiO₃ via efficient dissociation of silicates from synthetic Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, Hydrometallurgy, 167(2017), p. 8. doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.10.026
[13]	S.Q. He, H.J. Sun, D.Y. Tan, and T.J. Peng, Recovery of titanium compounds from Ti-enriched product of alkali melting Ti-bearing blast furnace slag by dilute sulfuric acid leaching, Procedia Environ. Sci., 31(2016), p. 977. doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.003
[14]	D. Wang, J.L. Chu, Y.H. Liu, J. Li, T.Y. Xue, W.J. Wang, and T. Qi, Novel process for titanium dioxide production from titanium slag: NaOH–KOH binary molten salt roasting and water leaching, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52(2013), No. 45, p. 15756. doi: 10.1021/ie400701g
[15]	P. Liu, L.B. Zhang, B.G. Liu, G.J. He, J.H. Peng, and M.Y. Huang, Determination of dielectric properties of titanium carbide fabricated by microwave synthesis with Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 28(2021), No. 1, p. 88. doi: 10.1007/s12613-020-1985-4
[16]	X.F. Lei and X.X. Xue, Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of sulfuric acid-modified titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 20(2010), No. 12, p. 2294. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(10)60643-7
[17]	C.H. Chen, K.Q. Feng, Y. Zhou, and H.L. Zhou, Effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of foamed glass-ceramics prepared from high-titanium blast furnace slag and waste glass, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 24(2017), No. 8, p. 931. doi: 10.1007/s12613-017-1480-8
[18]	L. Wang, W.Z. Liu, J.P. Hu, Q. Liu, H.R. Yue, B. Liang, G.Q. Zhang, D.M. Luo, H.P. Xie, and C. Li, Indirect mineral carbonation of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag coupled with recovery of TiO₂ and Al₂O₃, Chin. J. Chem. Eng., 26(2018), No. 3, p. 583. doi: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.06.012
[19]	S. Yin, T. Aldahri, S. Rohani, C. Li, D.M. Luo, G.Q. Zhang, H.R. Yue, B. Liang, and W.Z. Liu, Insights into the roasting kinetics and mechanism of blast furnace slag with ammonium sulfate for CO₂ mineralization, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 58(2019), No. 31, p. 14026. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03109
[20]	W.Z. Liu, L.M. Teng, S. Rohani, Z.F. Qin, B. Zhao, C.C. Xu, S. Ren, Q.C. Liu, and B. Liang, CO₂ mineral carbonation using industrial solid wastes: A review of recent developments, Chem. Eng. J., 416(2021), art. No. 129093. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129093
[21]	W.Z. Liu, T. Aldahri, C.B. Xu, C. Li, and S. Rohani, Synthesis of sole gismondine-type zeolite from blast furnace slag during CO₂ mineralization process, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 9(2021), No. 1, art. No. 104652. doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104652
[22]	Y.J. Xiong, T. Aldahri, W.Z. Liu, G.R. Chu, G.Q. Zhang, D.M. Luo, H.R. Yue, B. Liang, and C. Li, Simultaneous preparation of TiO₂ and ammonium alum, and microporous SiO₂ during the mineral carbonation of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, Chin. J. Chem. Eng., 28(2020), No. 9, p. 2256. doi: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.03.020
[23]	Y. Hua, Z. Lin, and Z. Yan, Application of microwave irradiation to quick leach of zinc silicate ore, Miner. Eng., 15(2002), No. 6, p. 451. doi: 10.1016/S0892-6875(02)00050-X
[24]	H.S. Xu, C. Wei, C.X. Li, G. Fan, Z.G. Deng, M.T. Li, and X.B. Li, Sulfuric acid leaching of zinc silicate ore under pressure, Hydrometallurgy, 105(2010), No. 1-2, p. 186. doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2010.07.014
[25]	W.L. Nie, S.M. Wen, Q.C. Feng, D. Liu, and Y.W. Zhou, Mechanism and kinetics study of sulfuric acid leaching of titanium from titanium-bearing electric furnace slag, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9(2020), No. 2, p. 1750. doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.12.006
[26]	R.E. Dufresne, Quick leach of siliceous zinc ores, JOM, 28(1976), No. 2, p. 8. doi: 10.1007/BF03354269
[27]	Y.D. Zhang, Y.X. Hua, X.B. Gao, C.Y. Xu, J. Li, Y. Li, Q.B. Zhang, L. Xiong, Z.L. Su, M.M. Wang, and J.J. Ru, Recovery of zinc from a low-grade zinc oxide ore with high silicon by sulfuric acid curing and water leaching, Hydrometallurgy, 166(2016), p. 16. doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.08.010
[28]	D.M. Kazadi, D.R. Groot, J.D. Steenkamp, and H. Pöllmann, Control of silica polymerisation during ferromanganese slag sulphuric acid digestion and water leaching, Hydrometallurgy, 166(2016), p. 214. doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.024
[29]	T. Jiang, H.G. Dong, Y.F. Guo, G.H. Li, and Y.B. Yang, Study on leaching Ti from Ti bearing blast furnace slag by sulphuric acid, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall., 119(2010), No. 1, p. 33. doi: 10.1179/037195509X12585446038807
[30]	Z.H. Wang, L. Chen, T. Aldahrib, C. Li, W.Z. Liu, G.Q. Zhang, Y.H. Yang, and D.M. Luo, Direct recovery of low valence vanadium from vanadium slag—Effect of roasting on vanadium leaching, Hydrometallurgy, 191(2020), art. No. 105156. doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.105156
[31]	P.R. Aravind, P. Mukundan, P. Krishna Pillai, and K.G.K. Warrier, Mesoporous silica-alumina aerogels with high thermal pore stability through hybrid sol–gel route followed by subcritical drying, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 96(2006), No. 1-3, p. 14. doi: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2006.06.014
[32]	A. Matsuda, Y. Higashi, K. Tadanaga, and M. Tatsumisago, Hot-water treatment of sol–gel derived SiO₂-TiO₂ microparticles and application to electrophoretic deposition for thick films, J. Mater. Sci., 41(2006), No. 24, p. 8101. doi: 10.1007/s10853-006-0419-7
[33]	L. Wen, Mineral Infrared Spectroscopy, Chongqing University Press, Chongqing, 1989, p. 71.
[34]	W. Yan, B.L. Zeng, J. Meng, S.M. Wang, and S.W. Liang, Study on the identification of gypsum fibrosum with FTIR, Spectroscopy Spectal Anal., 36(2016), No. 7, p. 2098.
[35]	A. Hamoudi, L. Khouchaf, C. Depecker, B. Revel, L. Montagne, and P. Cordier, Microstructural evolution of amorphous silica following alkali–silica reaction, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 354(2008), No. 45-46, p. 5074. doi: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.07.001
[36]	J. Higl, D. Hinder, C. Rathgeber, B. Ramming, and M. Lindén, Detailed in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy study of the early stages of C–S–H formation during hydration of monoclinic C₃S, Cem. Concr. Res., 142(2021), art. No. 106367. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106367
[37]	G.W. Sun, J.J. Zhang, and N. Yan, Microstructural evolution and characterization of ground granulated blast furnace slag in variant pH, Constr. Build. Mater., 251(2020), art. No. 118978. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118978
[38]	K. Zheng, J.L. Liao, X.D. Wang, and Z.T. Zhang, Raman spectroscopic study of the structural properties of CaO–MgO–SiO₂–TiO₂ slags, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 376(2013), p. 209. doi: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.06.003
[39]	R.G. Duan, K.M. Liang, and S.R. Gu, The effect of Ti⁴⁺ on the site of Al³⁺ in the structure of CaO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–TiO₂ system glass, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 249(1998), No. 1-2, p. 217. doi: 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00570-X
[40]	C. Feng, L.H. Gao, J. Tang, Z.G. Liu, and M.S. Chu, Effects of MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio on viscous behaviors and structures of MgO–Al₂O₃–TiO₂–CaO–SiO₂ slag systems with high TiO₂ content and low CaO/SiO₂ ratio, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 30(2020), No. 3, p. 800. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(20)65255-4
[41]	S. Ren, T. Aldahri, W.Z. Liu, and B. Liang, CO₂ mineral sequestration by using blast furnace slag: From batch to continuous experiments, Energy, 214(2021), art. No. 118975. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118975