Fabrication and performance of 3D co-continuous magnesium composites reinforced with Ti2AlNx MAX phase

Wantong Chen; Wenbo Yu; Pengcheng Zhang; Xufeng Pi; Chaosheng Ma; Guozheng Ma; Lin Zhang

doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2427-2

Volume 29 Issue 7

Jul. 2022

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials > 2022 > 29(7): 1406-1412

Wantong Chen, Wenbo Yu, Pengcheng Zhang, Xufeng Pi, Chaosheng Ma, Guozheng Ma, and Lin Zhang, Fabrication and performance of 3D co-continuous magnesium composites reinforced with Ti₂AlN_x MAX phase, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 7, pp. 1406-1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2427-2

Cite this article as:

Wantong Chen, Wenbo Yu, Pengcheng Zhang, Xufeng Pi, Chaosheng Ma, Guozheng Ma, and Lin Zhang, Fabrication and performance of 3D co-continuous magnesium composites reinforced with Ti2AlNx MAX phase, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 29(2022), No. 7, pp. 1406-1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2427-2

Citation:

PDF( 7387 KB)

Research Article

Fabrication and performance of 3D co-continuous magnesium composites reinforced with Ti₂AlN_x MAX phase

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author:
Wenbo Yu E-mail: wbyu@bjtu.edu.cn
Received: 7 September 2021; Revised: 23 January 2022; Accepted: 25 January 2022; Available online: 26 January 2022

Abstract

Abstract

Magnesium composites reinforced by N-deficient Ti₂AlN MAX phase were first fabricated by non-pressure infiltration of Mg into three-dimensional (3D) co-continuous porous Ti₂AlN_x (x = 0.9, 1.0) preforms. The relationship between their mechanical properties and microstructure is discussed with the assessment of 2D and 3D characterization. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy detected no impurities. The 3D reconstruction shows that the uniformly distributed pores in Ti₂AlN_x preforms are interconnected, which act as infiltration tunnels for the melt Mg. The compressive yield strength and microhardness of Ti₂AlN_0.9/Mg are 353 MPa and 1.12 GPa, respectively, which are 8.55% and 6.67% lower than those of Ti₂AlN/Mg, respectively. The typical delamination and kink band occurred in Ti₂AlN_x under compressive and Vickers hardness (V_H) tests. Owing to the continuous skeleton structure and strong interfacial bonding strength, the crack initiated in Ti₂AlN_x was blocked by the plastic Mg matrix. This suggests the possibility of regulating the mechanical performance of Ti₂AlN/Mg composites by controlling the N vacancy and the hierarchical structure of Ti₂AlN skeleton.
- Ti₂AlN;
- magnesium matrix composites;
- co-continuous structure;
- N vacancy

FullText(HTML)

Supplements(0)

References(36)

References

[1]	M.O. Pekguleryuz and A.A. Kaya, Creep resistant magnesium alloys for powertrain applications, Adv. Eng. Mater., 5(2003), No. 12, p. 866. doi: 10.1002/adem.200300403
[2]	V.E. Bazhenov, A.V. Koltygin, M.C. Sung, S.H. Park, Y.V. Tselovalnik, A.A. Stepashkin, A.A. Rizhsky, M.V. Belov, V.D. Belov, and K.V. Malyutin, Development of Mg–Zn–Y–Zr casting magnesium alloy with high thermal conductivity, J. Magnes. Alloys, 9(2021), No. 5, p. 1567. doi: 10.1016/j.jma.2020.11.020
[3]	Y. Yang, X.M. Xiong, J. Chen, X.D. Peng, D.L. Chen, and F.S. Pan, Research advances in magnesium and magnesium alloys worldwide in 2020, J. Magnes. Alloys, 9(2021), No. 3, p. 705. doi: 10.1016/j.jma.2021.04.001
[4]	X.P. Zhang, H.X. Wang, L.P. Bian, S.X. Zhang, Y.P. Zhuang, W.L. Cheng, and W. Liang, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al–1Si–1SiC composites processed by multi-pass equal-channel angular pressing at various temperatures, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 28(2021), No. 12, p. 1966. doi: 10.1007/s12613-020-2123-z
[5]	K.B. Nie, X.J. Wang, K.K. Deng, X.S. Hu, and K. Wu, Magnesium matrix composite reinforced by nanoparticles—A review, J. Magnes. Alloys, 9(2021), No. 1, p. 57. doi: 10.1016/j.jma.2020.08.018
[6]	M.W. Barsoum, A. Murugaiah, S.R. Kalidindi, and T. Zhen, Kinking nonlinear elastic solids, nanoindentations, and geology, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92(2004), No. 25, art. No. 255508. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.255508
[7]	M.W. Barsoum, The M_N+1AX_N phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates, Prog. Solid State Chem., 28(2000), No. 1-4, p. 201. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6786(00)00006-6
[8]	X.J. Wang, K. Wu, W.X. Huang, H.F. Zhang, M.Y. Zheng, and D.L. Peng, Study on fracture behavior of particulate reinforced magnesium matrix composite using in situ SEM, Compos. Sci. Technol., 67(2007), No. 11-12, p. 2253. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.01.022
[9]	B. Inem and G. Pollard, Interface structure and fractography of a magnesium-alloy, metal-matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles, J. Mater. Sci., 28(1993), No. 16, p. 4427. doi: 10.1007/BF01154952
[10]	G.H. Majzoobi and K. Rahmani, Mechanical characterization of Mg–B₄C nanocomposite fabricated at different strain rates, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 2, p. 252. doi: 10.1007/s12613-019-1902-x
[11]	H.M. Xia, L. Zhang, Y.C. Zhu, N. Li, Y.Q. Sun, J.D. Zhang, and H.Z. Ma, Mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced 7075 aluminum alloy composite fabricated by spark plasma sintering, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 27(2020), No. 9, p. 1295. doi: 10.1007/s12613-020-2009-0
[12]	J.Y. Wang, Y.C. Zhou, T. Liao, J. Zhang, and Z.J. Lin, A first-principles investigation of the phase stability of Ti₂AlC with Al vacancies, Scripta Mater., 58(2008), No. 3, p. 227. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.09.048
[13]	H. Wang, H. Han, G. Yin, et al., First-principles study of vacancies in Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃AlC₂, Materials, 10(2017), No. 2, art. No. 103. doi: 10.3390/ma10020103
[14]	W.B. Yu, X.J. Wang, H.B. Zhao, et al., Microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture mechanism of Ti₂AlC reinforced AZ91D composites fabricated by stir casting, J. Alloys Compd., 702(2017), p. 199. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.01.231
[15]	S. Amini, J.M.C. Gallego, L. Daemen, et al., On the stability of Mg nanograins to coarsening after repeated melting, Nano Lett., 9(2009), No. 8, p. 3082. doi: 10.1021/nl9015683
[16]	B. Anasori, S. Amini, V. Presser, and M.W. Barsoum, Nanocrystalline Mg-matrix composites with ultrahigh damping properties, [in] Magnesium Technology 2011, Springer, Cham, 2011, p. 463.
[17]	W.B. Yu, X.B. Li, M. Vallet, and L. Tian, High temperature damping behavior and dynamic Young’s modulus of magnesium matrix composite reinforced by Ti₂AlC MAX phase particles, Mech. Mater., 129(2019), p. 246. doi: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2018.12.001
[18]	W.B. Yu, D.Q. Chen, L. Tian, H.B. Zhao, and X.J. Wang, Self-lubricate and anisotropic wear behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy reinforced with ternary Ti₂AlC MAX phases, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 35(2019), No. 3, p. 275. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2018.07.003
[19]	J. Liu, J. Binner, and R. Higginson, Dry sliding wear behaviour of co-continuous ceramic foam/aluminium alloy interpenetrating composites produced by pressureless infiltration, Wear, 276-277(2012), p. 94. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2011.12.008
[20]	C. Lei, Y. Zhou, H.X. Zhai, et al., Thermal shock behavior of co-continuous TiC_x–Cu cermets in air and anaerobic environment, Ceram. Int., 47(2021), No. 12, p. 16422. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.10.246
[21]	C. Lei, H.X. Zhai, Z.Y. Huang, et al., Fabrication, microstructure and mechanical properties of co-continuous TiC_x/Cu–Cu₄Ti composites prepared by pressureless-infiltration method, Ceram. Int., 45(2019), No. 3, p. 2932. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.09.187
[22]	M. Pavese, M. Valle, and C. Badini, Effect of porosity of cordierite preforms on microstructure and mechanical strength of co-continuous ceramic composites, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 27(2007), No. 1, p. 131. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.05.080
[23]	H.J. Wang, Z.Y. Huang, J.C. Yi, et al., Microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties of co-continuous (Ti₃AlC₂+Al₃Ti)/2024Al composite fabricated by pressureless infiltration, Ceram. Int., 48(2022), No. 1, p. 1230. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.09.208
[24]	C.L. Zhou, X.Y. Wu, T.L. Ngai, L.J. Li, S. Ngai, and Z.M. Chen, Al alloy/Ti₃SiC₂ composites fabricated by pressureless infiltration with melt-spun Al alloy ribbons, Ceram. Int., 44(2018), No. 6, p. 6026. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.12.212
[25]	D.A.H. Hanaor, L. Hu, W.H. Kan, et al., Compressive performance and crack propagation in Al alloy/Ti₂AlC composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 672(2016), p. 247. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.06.073
[26]	W.B. Yu, W.Z. Jia, F. Guo, et al., The correlation between N deficiency and the mechanical properties of the Ti₂AlN_y MAX phase, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 40(2020), No. 6, p. 2279. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.02.014
[27]	J.R. Cahoon, W.H. Broughton, and A.R. Kutzak, The determination of yield strength from hardness measurements, Metall. Trans., 2(1971), No. 7, p. 1979. doi: 10.1007/BF02913433
[28]	S.J. Zinkle, D.H. Plantz, A.E. Bair, R.A. Dodd, and G.L. Kulcinski, Correlation of the yield strength and mlcrohardnesss of high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloys, J. Nucl. Mater., 133-134(1985), p. 685. doi: 10.1016/0022-3115(85)90236-3
[29]	L. Vandeperre and W.J. Clegg, The correlation between hardness and yield strength of hard materials, Mater. Sci. Forum, 492-493(2005), p. 555. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.492-493.555
[30]	S.B. Li, W.B. Yu, H.X. Zhai, G.M. Song, W.G. Sloof, and S.V.D. Zwaag, Mechanical properties of low temperature synthesized dense and fine-grained Cr₂AlC ceramics, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 31(2011), No. 1-2, p. 217. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.08.014
[31]	B. Anasori, E.N. Caspi, and M.W. Barsoum, Fabrication and mechanical properties of pressureless melt infiltrated magnesium alloy composites reinforced with TiC and Ti₂AlC particles, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 618(2014), p. 511. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2014.09.039
[32]	K. Kozak, M.M. Bućko, L. Chlubny, J. Lis, G. Antou, and T. Chotard, Influence of composition and grain size on the damage evolution in MAX phases investigated by acoustic emission, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 743(2019), p. 114. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2018.11.063
[33]	C.L. Yang, B. Zhang, D.C. Zhao, et al., Microstructure evolution of as-cast AlN/AZ91 composites and room temperature compressive properties, J. Alloys Compd., 774(2019), p. 573. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.10.041
[34]	R.O. Ritchie, The conflicts between strength and toughness, Nat. Mater., 10(2011), No. 11, p. 817. doi: 10.1038/nmat3115
[35]	W. Yu, V. Mauchamp, T. Cabioc’h, et al., Solid solution effects in the Ti₂Al(C_xN_y) MAX phases: Synthesis, microstructure, electronic structure and transport properties, Acta Mater., 80(2014), p. 421. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.07.064
[36]	W.J. Wang, V. Gauthier-Brunet, G.P. Bei, et al., Powder metallurgy processing and compressive properties of Ti₃AlC₂/Al composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 530(2011), p. 168. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.09.068